Ch 14, 15 & 17

Question 0

The geological explanation for how the continents move

Answer 0

Plate tectonics

Question 1

Evidence of an organism that lived long ago

Answer 1

Fossil

Question 2

The idea that no living material can produce life

Answer 2

Spontaneous generation

Question 3

The idea that living organism come only from other living organisms

Answer 3

Biogenesis

Question 4

A large ordered structure enclosed by a membrane that carries out some life activities such as growth and division

Answer 4

Protocell

Question 5

Prokaryotes that love in harsh environments such as deep sea vents and hot springs

Answer 5

Archaebacteria

Question 6

Breeding organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with identical traits

Answer 6

Artificial selection

Question 7

A mechanism for change in populations

Answer 7

Natural selection

Question 8

A structural adaptation that enables one species to resemble another species

Answer 8

Mimicry

Question 9

An adaptation that enables species to blend with their surroundings

Answer 9

Camouflage

Question 10

Structural features with a I’m evolutionary origin

Answer 10

Homologous structures

Question 11

The body parts of organisms that do not have a common evolutionary origin but are similar in function

Answer 11

Analogous structures

Question 12

A body structure that has no function in a present day organism but was useful to an ancestor

Answer 12

Vestigial structure

Question 13

The earliest stage of growth and development of both plants and animals

Answer 13

Embryo

Question 14

All of the alleles of the populations genes as being together in a large pool

Answer 14

Gene pool

Question 15

Percentage of any specific allele in the gene pool

Answer 15

Allelic frequency

Question 16

They refer to a population in which the frequency of alleles remains the same over generations

Answer 16

Genetic equilibrium

Question 17

The alteration of alleles frequencies by chance events

Answer 17

Genetic drift

Question 18

Natural selection that favors average individuals in a population

Answer 18

Stabilizing selection

Question 19

Occurs when natural selection favors one of the extreme variations of a trait

Answer 19

Directional selection

Question 20

Individuals with either extreme of a traits variation are selected for

Answer 20

Disruptive selection

Question 21

The evolution of a new species

Answer 21

Speciation

Question 22

Occurs whenever a physical barrier divides a population

Answer 22

Geographic isolation

Question 23

Occurs when formerly interbreeding organisms can no longer mate and produce fertile offspring

Answer 23

Reproductive isolation

Question 24

Any species with a multiple of the normal set of chromosomes

Answer 24

Polyploid

Question 25

The idea that species originate through a gradual change of adaptations

Answer 25

Gradualism

Question 26

Stephen J Gould and Niles Eldridge proposed another hypothesis known as

Answer 26

Punctuated equilibrium

Question 27

When an ancestral species evolves into an array of species to fit a number of diverse habitats

Answer 27

Adaptive radiation

Question 28

The pattern of evolution in which species that once were similar to an ancestral species diverge

Answer 28

Divergent evolution

Question 29

A pattern of evolution in which distantly related organisms evolves similar traits

Answer 29

Convergent evolution

Question 30

The grouping of objects or information based on similarities

Answer 30

Classification

Question 31

Is the branch of biology that groups and names organisms based on studies and names organisms based on their different characteristics

Answer 31

Taxonomy

Question 32

Modern classification systems use two word naming system that Linnaeus developed to identify species

Answer 32

Binomial nomenclature

Question 33

Consists of a group of similar species

Answer 33

Genus

Question 34

The next larger taxon in the biological classification system consists of a group of similar genera

Answer 34

Family

Question 35

Is a taxon of similar families

Answer 35

Order

Question 36

A taxon of similar orders

Answer 36

Class

Question 37

A taxon of similar classes

Answer 37

Phylum

Question 38

Plant taxonomists use the taxon ____ instead of phylum

Answer 38

Division

Question 39

A taxon of similar phyla or divisions

Answer 39

Kingdom

Question 40

The evolutionary history of a species

Answer 40

Phylogeny

Question 41

One biological system of classification that is based on phylogeny

Answer 41

Cladistics

Question 42

Biologists identify a groups derived traits and use them to make a branching diagram

Answer 42

Cladogram

Question 43

Have very strong cell walls and a less complex genetic makeup than found in archaebacteria or eukaryotes

Answer 43

Eubacteria

Question 44

Is a eukaryote that lacks complex organ systems and lives in moist environments

Answer 44

Protist

Question 45

Is either a unicellular or multicellular eukaryote that absorbs nutrients from organic materials in the environment

Answer 45

Fungus