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Wildlife Rehabilitation > Chapter 8 Bird Rehab Basics > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Bird Rehab Basics Flashcards

1
Q

If an unfeathered young bird is found on the
ground and is warm, it can be returned to the nest and the parents will often continue to care for it.

A

True

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2
Q

A caller informs you that a nest containing
infant songbirds has fallen out of a tree in a storm. The young are uninjured and warm to the touch
and the nest is intact. You should tell the caller to:

a. bring the birds to your songbird nursery
b. raise the birds himself or herself
c. secure the nesfback in the tree close to its original position and watch from a distance to see
if a parent bird returns
d. leave the nest on the ground so a parent can take care of the young

A

C

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3
Q

Your child has brought home a healthy
mallard duckling. You surmise that he picked it up at a nearby pond because you’ve seen a mallard
there with young this size. You should first try to:

a. take the duckling in and raise it because that is its best chance for survival
b. return the bird to the pond and watch to make sure it is accepted by the mother duck
c. phone other wildlife rehabilitators to find someone raising ducklings this size
d. release the duckling near any water source since it is a precocial species and knows how to take care of itself

A

B

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4
Q

Placing an orphaned songbird into another
nest of the same species with two similarly aged chicks is a bad idea because the parents will not
feed it.

A

False

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5
Q

If you are called to pick up a five day old
screech owl which has fallen out of the nest cavity and has no obvious injuries, it would be best
to:

a. remove the owlet and cross-foster it with an un-releasable adult screech owl under the care of
a properly permitted rehabilitator
b. return the owlet to the nest cavity, if at all possible
c. place the owlet on a low branch of the nearest tree
d. remove the owlet and transfer it to a
rehabilitator permitted to hand raise screech owls

A

B

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6
Q

Ducklings are precocial and therefore able
to fly within hours of hatching.

A

False

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7
Q

The most common problems associated with
orphaned birds (and mammals) are dehydration and exposure.

A

True

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8
Q

The most important thing to do upon
receiving an orphaned bird is to feed it.

A

False

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9
Q

How many of the young, nestling birds that
are admitted to your care can you expect to be hypothermic?

a. very few
b. about 50%
c. practically all

A

C

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10
Q

An adequately warmed, infant passerine
should feel:

a. slightly cool to the touch
b. neutral to the touch
c. warm to the touch

A

C

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11
Q

It is important to closely monitor an animal which is being warmed by an external heat source to
prevent overheating or burns.

A

True

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12
Q

A featherless, nestling songbird put in a
small, covered cardboard box placed on an electric heating pad set on low cannot overheat.

A

False

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13
Q

Care should be taken in using hot water
bottles to warm orphaned, nestling passerines because they can:

a. cause skin burns
b. crush the birds
c. leak and get the birds wet
d. band C
e. all of the above

A

E

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14
Q

Heat should be provided for young precocial
birds.

A

True

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15
Q

A nestling songbird with new feather shafts
that are blue in color is probably a blue jay or eastern bluebird.

A

False

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16
Q

Nestling birds should be housed in large
containers with plenty of space for movement.

A

Flase

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17
Q

The environmental temperature of young
nestling passerines raised in captivity should
be:

a. 5° to 75° F
b. 75° to 80° F
c. 95° to 100° F
d. 5° to 110° F

A

C

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18
Q

What is the best humidity level in an
incubator housing nestling songbirds?

a. 10 to 15%
b. 25 to 30%
C. 60 to 65%
d. 80 to 85%

A

C

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19
Q

The term “fledgling” refers to:

a. any fully feathered bird, whether able to fly or not
b. an infant bird that has recently hatched out of the egg
c.. a bird that has left the nest on its own accord and is learning to fly.
d. a juvenile bird fully able to fly and forage on its own

A

C

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20
Q

In captivity, most infant passerine birds
fledge at about what age?

a. 7 to 10 days
b. 10 to 14 days
c. 18 to 21 days
d. 28 to 30 days

A

B

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21
Q

Hand-raised songbirds are ready for release
once they have fledged.

A

False

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22
Q

When a captive nestling bird fledges, it
cannot be contained in a nest and should be moved into a larger cage.

A

True

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23
Q

A playpen with a soft plastic mesh cover is
one good housing option for fledgling, clinging birds like woodpeckers.

A

True

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24
Q

Commercial wire bird cages provide excellent housing for fledgling songbirds.

A

False

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25
Q

Jays and crows should not be placed in an
aviary with smaller species of birds because:

a. they will hoard all the available food
b. they are noisy and will disturb the other birds
c. they are carriers of many diseases and parasites
d. they are predatory and consume injured and young birds as part of their diet in the wild

A

D

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26
Q

Young ducklings and goslings should be introduced to water for swimming immediately after hatching.

A

False

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27
Q

Ducklings and goslings should be kept
age/size-segregated, especially wood ducklings, as much as possible to prevent trampling.

A

True

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28
Q

Waterfowl brooders should be heated to 85° to 90° F.

A

Ture

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29
Q

Brooders housing newly hatched ducklings,
especially wood duck ducklings, need to be escape-proofed.

A

True

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30
Q

You are caring for a nestling robin whose
eyes are not open and who has not started to grow feathers. As the bird grows the only thing you need to be concerned with is the bird’s physical development. The bird will learn other things like robin songs, robin behavior, finding food and avoiding predators once it is released and associates with robins in the wild.

A

False

31
Q

Imprinting occurs at the same age in
precocial birds as it does in altricial birds.

A

False

32
Q

It is necessary to habituate orphaned animals to humans in order to provide adequate care and treatment.

A

False

33
Q

All infant birds should be raised in groups or with an adult of the same species to help prevent imprinting on the wildlife rehabilitator.

A

True

34
Q

An adult or older juvenile can sometimes
assist in proper socialization in younger animals of the same species and also encourage foraging
behavior.

A

True

35
Q

Studies indicate that song/vocal
development in birds is partially, if not entirely, learned and probably begins soon after
hatching.

A

True

36
Q

Indicators that a nestling robin (or other nestling) under your care is not doing well might include:
a. pale mouth color
b. when gaping, has trouble holding head straight up
c. stops or decreases vocalizing
d. has green droppings
e. open mouth breathing
f. all of the above may be indicators

A

F

37
Q

Young birds may be encouraged to preen by
misting them with a spray bottle of warm water.

A

True

38
Q

What is the average incubation period for
common songbirds such as grackles, robins and starlings?

a. 5 to 7 days
b. 12 to 14 days
c. 20 to 23 days
d. 28 to 30 days

A

B

39
Q

In the wild, dabbling ducks primarily feed on aquatic plants, grasses, seeds, aquatic animals and insects.

A

True

40
Q

Diving ducks normally feed on shrimp,
mollusks, crabs and small fish.

A

True

41
Q

The natural diet of robins, orioles, cedar waxwings and catbirds consists of which of e following food groups?

a. seed and nuts
b. insects and wild fruits
c. mice
d. fish and frogs

A

B

42
Q

The natural diet of chickadees, finches, grosbeaks and sparrows consists of which of the following
food groups?

a. mainly seeds with some insects and fruits
b. mainly fruits with some insects
c. mainly earthworms
d. mainly fruits

A

A

43
Q

Which of the following groups of birds would eat grubs, nuts, beetles, and to some extent, berries?

a cardinals and grosbeaks
b. kingfishers and ospreys
c. ducks and geese
d. woodpeckers, sapsuckers and flickers

A

D

44
Q

Sugar water alone is a sufficient diet for hummingbirds.

A

False

45
Q

Recipes for homemade, adult songbird diets are available that have been used and evaluated by
experienced wildlife rehabilitators.

A

True

46
Q

The opening of the trachea (glottis) in birds is just behind the tongue.

A

True

47
Q

Woodpeckers can sometimes be stimulated to feed by spreading food on a vertical feeding board.

A

True

48
Q

lt is sometimes difficult to get young precocial birds to eat in captivity.

A

True

49
Q

Sometimes a bird can be encouraged to eat
by placing a small amount of food in the back of the mouth aiming for the glottis.

A

False

50
Q

If aninfant songbird does not gape, it is not
hungry.

A

False

51
Q

Birds cannot tolerate milk products because
they lack the enzymes necessary to digest them.

A

True

52
Q

Caring for chimney swifts in captivity, infants
or adults, is different from caring for passerines because:

a. chimney swifts are aerial foragers, they eat flying insects while they are flying. In captivity - where they cannot fly and have no flying insects available - they must be hand fed, even adults
b. chimney swifts do not perch, they must be provided with vertical surfaces to cling to, and some flat platforms
c. infant chimney swifts want to be fed from below, rather than from above and they grab at the food rather than doing a true gaping
d. all of the above

A

D

53
Q

A typical nestling songbird needs to be fed
how often?

a. once every hour - 24 hrs per day
b. every 1’0 to 30 minutes (depending on age) during daylight hours
c. 4 to 6 times per day
d. once a week

A

B

54
Q

Pigeons and doves are basically the same as any other passerine and should be cared
for accordingly.

A

False

55
Q

A missed feeding for a nestling bird can be
made up at the next feeding by doubling the amount.

A

False

56
Q

The pouch at the base of a bird’s throat which can be seen to swell in a nestling during feeding is
the:

a. glottis
b. mandible
c. crop
d. gizzard

A

C

57
Q

At each feeding, an infant songbird should
be fed until its crop is completely full.

A

False

58
Q

While feeding a clutch of nestling songbirds you notice that one of the birds still has a full crop from the last feeding. You should keep feeding the bird its normal feedings, eventually the crop will empty.

A

False

59
Q

If fluids enter the trachea and go into the lungs while feeding an orphan animal, it is possible for the infant to develop pneumonia or even drown.

A

True

60
Q

When feeding a newly admitted bird, you
should make up for lost nutrition by starting with large feedings and gradually decreasing the amount over 24 hours.

A

False

61
Q

Due to their higher metabolism, orphan
passerine birds have a much higher daily minimum energy requirement (MEC) than mammals such as
rabbits and squirrels of similar body weight.

A

True

62
Q

The best bedding for an infant passerine
bird in your care is:

a. green grass
b. non-scented, non-dyed toilet paper
c. straw or hay
d. an old bird nest

A

B

63
Q

How often should you expect an infant
songbird to eliminate a fecal sac?

a. after each feeding
b. hourly
c. twice a day
d. once a day

A

A

64
Q

In captivity, young passerines can expect to
be completely self-feeding approximately how long after fledging?

a. 2 to 3 days
b. 2 to 3 weeks
c. 6 to 8 weeks
d. 2 to 3 months

A

B

65
Q

Wood duck ducklings are easily stressed
and will not eat when frightened.

A

True

66
Q

Wood duck ducklings require more protein in
their diet than mallard ducklings.

A

True

67
Q

Which of the following is NOT recommended
for young ducklings:

a. duck grower
b. cracked corn
c. crickets and mealworms
d. iceberg lettuce
e. winter wheat

A

D

68
Q

Feeding behavior may be partially learned and can be influenced by its diet as an infant

A

True

69
Q

Feather stress can be caused by improper feeding and diet.

A

True

70
Q

Almost all infant passerines in Minnesota are fed insects by their parents in the wild, regardless
of what their diet is as adults.

A

True

71
Q

When feeding fish-eating birds, such as herons or egrets, in captivity, it is essential to
supplement their diet with which of the following vitamins?
a. A
b. B1
c. C
d. B3

A

B

72
Q

It is suspected that the development of angel-wing in juvenile waterfowl may be a result of too
much dietary protein.

A

True

73
Q

It is suspected that slipped tendons in the hocks of growing game birds may be related to a manganese deficiency.

A

True

Wildlife Rehabilitation (7 decks)

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