Chapter 8 and 17 Section- Chemical Equations And Reactions/reaction Rates

Question 1

Define chemical reaction

Answer 1

The process by which atoms rearrange to form new substances

Question 2

What is the general equation for a synthesis reaction?

Answer 2

A + X –> AX

Question 3

What is the general equation for a decomposition reaction?

Answer 3

AX –> A + X

Question 4

What is the general equation for a combustion reaction?

Answer 4

O² is a reactant, if hydrocarbon the products are CO² and H²O

Question 5

What is the general equation for a single replacement reaction?

Answer 5

A + BX –> AX + B

Question 6

What is the general equation for a double replacement reaction?

Answer 6

AX + BY —> AY + BX

Question 7

Which 2 types of reactions are opposites of one another?

Answer 7

Synthesis and decomposition

Question 8

What are the products of a combustion reaction when one reactant is a hydrocarbon?

Answer 8

CO² and H²O

Question 9

What is a precipitate

Answer 9

A solid formed by a change in solution

Question 10

In what type of reaction can a precipitate form?

Answer 10

Double replacement

Question 11

What does the equation symbol (l) mean?

Answer 11

Liquid

Question 12

What does the equation symbol (aq) mean?

Answer 12

Aqueous

Question 13

What does the equation symbol (s) mean?

Answer 13

Solid

Question 14

What does the equation symbol (g) mean?

Answer 14

Gas

Question 15

What does the equation symbol —-> mean?

Answer 15

Yields to

Question 16

Define activation energy

Answer 16

The minimum amount of energy needed to activate a reaction

Question 17

Define reaction rate

Answer 17

The change in concentration of reactants per unit time as the reaction proceeds

Question 18

Describe how surface area affects reaction rate:

Answer 18

Greater surface area = faster reaction rate

Question 19

Describe how temperarure affects reaction rate:

Answer 19

Increase in temp. increases the kinetic energy of particles which results in more effective collisions

Higher temp = faster rate

Question 20

Describe how concentration affects reaction rate:

Answer 20

Increase in reactant concentration increases the number of particle collisions, thus reaction rate.

Higher concentration = higher rate

Question 21

Describe how catalyst affects reaction rate:

Answer 21

Lowers activation energy

Changes the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed itself