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Chemistry > Chapter 4- Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms > Flashcards

Chapter 4- Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a wavelength

A

The shortest distance between equivalent points on a continous wave

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2
Q

What is the symbol for wavelength?

A

Lambda (upsidedown y)

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3
Q

What unit are wavelengths measured in?

A

Meters

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4
Q

What is frequency

A

The number of waves that a pass a point per second

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5
Q

What is the symbol for frequency

A

Nu (v)

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6
Q

What unit is frequency measured in

A

Hertz

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7
Q

What is amplitude

A

The waves height from the origin to the crest or the origin to the trough.

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8
Q

What is the relationship between wavelength and frequency

A

Inverse. As frequency increases, wavlength decreases

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9
Q

What is the relationship between wavelength/frequency and amplitude?

A

Wavelength and frequency do not affect the amplitude

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10
Q

What is the speed of light approximately

A

3.00x10⁸ m/s

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11
Q

What is the equation that relates speed of light wave length and frequency

A

C=lambda(v)

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12
Q

How do you separate white light into individual colors

A

Pass it through a prism

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13
Q

Heated objects gain _____ energy as they get hotter.

A

Kinetic

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14
Q

What is quantum

A

The minimum amount of energy gained or lost by an atom

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15
Q

How does matter absorb quantized energy

A

Stepwise

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16
Q

What is the equation relating energy of a quantum, planks constant, and frequency

A

E quantum = hv

17
Q

What is the relationship between energy of a quantun and frequency

A

The energy of a quantum increases as frequency increases.

18
Q

What is the photoelectric effect

A

When photoelectrons are admitted from a metal’s surface when light of a certain frequency or higher shines on the surface

19
Q

What did albert einstein propose about the dual nature of light in 1905

A

Light behaves as both a wave and a particle.

20
Q

What is a photon

A

A massless particle of light that carries a quantum of energy

21
Q

What is the atomic emission spectrum

A

The set of frequencies of the light waves emitted by an atom

22
Q

Is the atomic emission spectrum unique for each element

A

Yes

23
Q

What can the atomic omission spectrum help determine

A

The gas composition of stars

24
Q

What did Louis de Broglie propose

A

That electrons behave like a wave

25
Q

What is the equation that relates wavelength, plancks constant, particle mass, and velocity?

A

Lambda = h/mv

26
Q

What is Heisenbergs uncertainty principle

A

Its impossible to know the precise velocity and position of an object at the same time

27
Q

In Heisenbergs uncertainty principle, for macroscopic objects the uncertainty is ______, but for electrons the uncertainty is _______

A

Negligible

Significant

28
Q

What happens when a photon bumps into an electron

A

It changes the electrons position and velocity

29
Q

What are the 3 parts of the quantum mechanical mode of the atom

A

Treats electrons as waves

Limits an electrons energy to certain values

Doesn’t describe an electrons path around the nucleus

30
Q

What is an atomic orbital

A

A 3-D region around the nucleus which describes an electrons probable location

31
Q

The hydrogen atom only has certain ___________

A

Allowable energy states

32
Q

What is ground state

A

The lowest energy state

33
Q

What is excited state

A

Any state above the ground state when an atom gains energy

34
Q

Hydrogens electrons can only move in ___________ around the nucleus

A

Certain allowable orbits

35
Q

What is quantum number

A

A number assigned to each electron orbit

36
Q

Since only certain atomic energies are possible, only certain _________ can be emitted

A

Wavelengths (colors) of radiation

37
Q

What is the major limitation of Bohr’s model of the atom

A

It explains hydrogens spectrum but fails to any other elements spectrums

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