Chapter 8: Adjectives Flashcards
Fill in the blanks:
Possessive adjectives agree in (1) ______ and (2) _______ with the noun they modify.
They also (3)_________ the noun they modify.
- Gender
- Number
- Precede
Examples:
Mi hermano quiere ir a España.
Tu libro está en la mesa.
What is the one form for the third-person possessive?
Su/sus
Examples:
Ellos viven en las montañas. Su casa es grande.
Sus artículos son interesantes. (NOTE: plural matches adjective)
All forms of possessive adjectives
Mi, mis (my)
tu, tus (your, informal)
su, sus (his, her, their, and formal “your”)
nuestro, nuestra, nuestros, nuestras (our)
vuestro, vuestra, vuestros, vuestras (your, vosotros form)
Demonstrative adjective for “this”
Masculine: este
Feminine: esta
Demonstrative adjective for “these”
Masculine: estos
Feminine: estas
What’s the relative location to the speaker for the terms “this/these”?
Near the speaker
Demonstrative adjectives for “that”
Masculine: ese
Feminine: esa
Demonstrative adjectives for “those”
Masculine: esos
Feminine: esas
What’s the relative location to the speaker for the terms “that/those”?
Near the listener
Demonstrative adjectives for “that (over there)”
Masculine: aquel
Feminine: aquella
Demonstrative adjectives for “those (over there)”
Masculine: aquellos
Feminine: aquellas
What’s the relative location to the speaker for the terms “that/those over there”?
far from both the listener and the spaker
What is a “neuter demonstrative pronoun”?
Refers to an object that is not known, a statement or a general idea
What is the neuter demonstrative pronoun for “this”?
esto
¿Qué es esto? (What is this?)
What is the neuter demonstrative pronoun for “that”?
eso
¿Qué es eso? (What is that?)
What is the neuter demonstrative pronoun for “that, farther away in place/time”?
aquello
Aquello no es necesario. (That is not necessary.)
When an adjective of nationality ends in a consonant, ____ is added to form the feminine?
a
Examples:
español vs. española
inglés vs. inglesa
francés vs. francesa
When an adjective of nationality ends in an “o”, what rules are followed?
The “o” changes to “a” when describing a feminine noun.
cubano vs. cubana
chileno vs. chilena
suizo vs. suiza
When an adjective of nationality ends in a vowel other than “o,” what is the rule?
The ending does not change.
canadiense vs. canadiense
israelí vs. israelí
What are two common adjectives that PRECEDE the noun they modify?
Bueno (good)
Su hermana es una buena estudiante.
Malo (bad)
Su amiga tiene una mala idea.
NOTE: both drop the “o” before a masculine singular noun.
Este niño es un buen estudiante.
Ella tiene un mal perro.
What does it mean when “bueno” or “malo” follows the noun?
The description loses its intensity.
El hombre bueno. = The (fairly) good man.
Define: mucho
Does it precede or follow the noun?
a lot of, much, many
Precede
Ellas preparan mucha comida para muchas personas. (They prepare a lot of food for a lot of people.)
Define: poco
Does it precede or follow the noun?
a little bit, a few, not much, not many
precede
Hay poco dinero en este banco y hay pocos clientes. (There is not much money in this bank and not many clients.)
Poca gente vive en esta calle y hay pocas casas. (Not many people live on this street, and there are few houses.)
Define: bastante, suficiente
Does it precede or follow the noun?
Enough
precede
Ellos ganan suficiente dinero y tienen bastante trabajo. (They earn enough money and they have enough work.)