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Shy's curated Spanish > Chapter 4: cardinal & ordinal numbers + dates > Flashcards

Chapter 4: cardinal & ordinal numbers + dates Flashcards

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1
Q

Define “cardinal number”

A

Any number that expresses an amount.

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2
Q

cero

A

0

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3
Q

uno

A

1

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4
Q

dos

A

2

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5
Q

tres

A

3

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6
Q

cuatro

A

4

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7
Q

cinco

A

5

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8
Q

seis

A

6

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9
Q

siete

A

7

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10
Q

ocho

A

8

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11
Q

nueve

A

9

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12
Q

diez

A

10

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13
Q

once

A

11

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14
Q

doce

A

12

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15
Q

trece

A

13

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16
Q

catorce

A

14

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17
Q

quince

A

15

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18
Q

dieciséis

A

16

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19
Q

diecisiete

A

17

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20
Q

dieciocho

A

18

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21
Q

diecinueve

A

19

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22
Q

veinte

A

20

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23
Q

veintiuno

A

21

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24
Q

veintidós

A

21

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25
Q

veintitrés

A

23

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26
Q

veinticuatro

A

24

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27
Q

veinticinco

A

25

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28
Q

veintiséis

A

26

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29
Q

veintisiete

A

27

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30
Q

veintiocho

A

28

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31
Q

veintinueve

A

29

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32
Q

treinta

A

30

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33
Q

treinta y uno

A

31

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34
Q

cuarenta

A

40

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35
Q

cincuenta

A

50

36
Q

sesenta

A

60

37
Q

setenta

A

70

38
Q

ochenta

A

80

39
Q

noventa

A

90

40
Q

How to express numbers after 30

A

Numbers after 30 (treinta) end in “a” and do not combine with the next number.

Examples:
treinta y cuatro
cuarenta y dos
cincuenta y nueve

41
Q

True or false: Spanish uses “y” to connect hundreds and the following number.

A

False

Spanish does not use “y” to connect hundreds and the following number.

Examples:
110 = ciento diez
220 = doscientos veinte
315 = trescientos quince

42
Q

cien

A

100

43
Q

doscientos

A

200

44
Q

trescientos

A

300

45
Q

cuatrocientos

A

400

46
Q

quinientos

A

500

47
Q

seiscientos

A

600

48
Q

setecientos

A

700

49
Q

ochocientos

A

800

50
Q

novecientos

A

900

51
Q

mil

A

1,000

52
Q

dos mil

A

2,000

53
Q

un millón (de)

A

1,000,000

54
Q

dos millones (de)

A

2,000,000

55
Q

What happens when a masculine noun follows 21, 31, 41, 51, 61, 71, 81, or 91?

A

The “o” is dropped from uno.

Examples:
veintiún años (21 years)
treinta y un libros (31 books)
cincuenta y un gatos (51 cats)
sesenta y un hombres (61 men)
noventa y un amigos (91 friends)
56
Q

What happens when a feminine noun follows 21, 31, 41, 51, 61, 71, 81, or 91?

A

The “uno” turns to “una”

Examples:
Cuarenta y una mujeres (41 women)
Setenta y una muchachas (71 girls)
Ochenta y una amigas (81 friends)

57
Q

What is the pattern for 100?

A

Cien (100)
Ciento uno (101)
Ciento cincuenta (150)
Ciento noventa y nueve (199)

58
Q

When does “cien” become “ciento”?

A

“Cien” becomes “ciento” when it is followed by any number less than itself.

Examples:
Ciento uno (101)
Ciento cincuenta (150)
Ciento noventa y nueve (199)

59
Q

When does “cien” remain “cien?”

A

Before all nouns, masculine or feminine.

Examples: 
cien libros (100 books)
cien casas (100 houses)
cien hombres (100 men)
60
Q

What is the rule about the numbers 200 - 900 and the nouns they modify?

A

The numbers 200 - 900 agree with the noun they modify.

Examples: 
doscientos hoteles (200 hotels)
doscientas puertas (200 doors)
cuatrocientos trenes (400 trains)
quinientas flores (500 flowers)
61
Q

What is the word for “1,000”?

A

mil

62
Q

What is the word for “1,000,000”

A

un millón (de)

Example: un millón de dólares

63
Q

What is the word for “2,000,000” etc.?

A 
Dos millones (de)
Example: dos millones de preguntas

tres millones

cuatro millones

64
Q

How are Spanish numbers beginning with 1000 (“mil”) counted?

A

In thousands, not hundreds.

The year 1992 is formed by combining 1000 + 900 + 92: mil novecientos noventa y dos.

2006 = dos mil seis

NOTE: mil does not change and does not need the article “un” in front of it (e.g., dos mil, tres mil, cinco mil)

65
Q

When do you use the plural “miles”?

A

To refer to a large but inexact amount, similar to the way that in English we use “tons.”

Example: Hay miles de personas en el restaurante (there are tons of people in the restaurant).

66
Q

When to use periods vs. commas in Spanish numbers?

A

The period is used to separate thousands (e.g., 1.000.000).

The comma is used to represent decimals ($90,25 = noventa dólores y veinticinco centavos).

67
Q

Cents

A

Centavos

68
Q

What is the function of ordinal numbers?

A

Ordinal numbers express positions in a series, such as first, second, third, etc.

69
Q

Primero

A

First

70
Q

Segundo

A

Second

71
Q

Tercero

A

Third

72
Q

Cuarto

A

Fourth

73
Q

Quinto

A

Fifth

74
Q

Sexto

A

Sixth

75
Q

Séptimo

A

Seventh

76
Q

octavo

A

eighth

77
Q

noveno

A

ninth

78
Q

décimo

A

tenth

79
Q

What is the rule about ordinal numbers related to noun and gender?

A

Ordinal numbers precede the noun and agree in gender with the noun they describe.

Examples: 
el segundo mes (the second month)
la segunda parte (the second part)
la cuarta lección (the fourth lesson)
el octavo libro (the eighth book)
el noveno presidente (the ninth president)
80
Q

What is the rule about primero and tercero?

A

Primero and tercero drop the “o” before a masculine noun.

Examples:
el primer hombre (the first man)
el tercer día (the third day)

81
Q

What happens when ordinal numbers are used for kings, queens, popes, and centuries?

A

They follow the noun they describe.

Examples: 
el siglo segundo (the second century)
Carlos Quinto (Charles the Fifth)
82
Q

Ordinal numbers beyond “11”…

A

are the same as the regular numbers (I.e., once, doce, trece, catorce, etc.)

83
Q

What changes in sentence structure beginning with the ordinal number for “eleventh”?

A

For eleventh and beyond, state the noun first, then the cardinal number

Examples:
la calle once (Eleventh Street)
el piso catorce (the fourteenth floor)
la lección veintitrés (the twenty-third lesson)
el piso ciento tres (the 103rd floor)
84
Q

What numbers are used to indicate all days of the month except the first?

A

2 - 31

Examples:
¿Cuál es la fecha de hoy? (What is today’s date?)
Hoy es el cinco de mayo (today is May 5)
Mañana es el seis de mayo (tomorrow is May 6)
Es el veintiocho de febrero (it is February 28)
Es el treinta y uno de octubre (it is October 31)

85
Q

What is the rule related to the first day of the month?

A

Spanish uses an ordinal number only to indicate the first of the month: el primero del mes.

Examples:
Hoy es el primero de junio (today is June 1)
Mañana es el primero de octubre (tomorrow is October 1)

Shy's curated Spanish (31 decks)

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