Chapter 8 Flashcards
A philosophy where the primary emphasis is on the whole child
Existentialism
A philosophy where students are challenged to discover knowledge about their environments
Constructivism
A person with a mix of progressivism and social reconstructionsim philosophies
Brenda Beyal
The belief that ideas are the only reliable form of reality
Idealism
The person who serves as a resource and guide to students who engage, explore, gather evidence, draw conclusions, and express themselves
Facilitator of Learning
Another term for naturalism
Romanticism
A philosophy where student-centered perspectives that are integrated with firsthand experiences are most effective
Pragmatism
The type of philosophy where the teacher is prominent in the classroom
Teacher-centered
Examples of this type of philosophy are essentailism and perennialism
Teacher-centered philososphies
The philosophy includes curriculums with themes and questions that endure and are everlasting
Perennialism
This term translates to “love of wisdom”
Philosophy
This term means “everlasting”
Perennial
This philosophy endorses active engagement, student discovery, and problem solving
Progressivism
The general philsosphy of giving students choices, making them active in learning
Student-centered
Examples of this type of philsosphy include progressivism, social reconstructionism, and existentialism
Student-centered philsosphies
In this philosophy, the teacher picks and chooses from among the components of several philosophies
Eclectic approach
This is the idea in which those who are in power control those who do not have power
Postmodernism
This philosophy looks to education to change society rather than just teach about it
Social reconstructionism
This person was a major proponent of progressivism
John Dewey
This is the idea that curriculum can shift in response to societal changes but should always be basic, organized, and rigorous
Essentailism
Define philosophy
- A love of wisdom
- A means of answering fundamental questions
- A vibrant way of discovering and expressing ways of being and acting
Describe a teacher’s philsosphy
- The teacher’s love of wisdom regarding teaching
- An expression of attitudes and actions every day in the classroom
- A fluid statement that changes and grows with experience
List teacher-centered approaches to teaching
- Essentailism
- Perennialism
List student-centered approaches to teaching
- Progressivsim
- Social reconstructionism
- Existentialism
Describe Maria Montessori’s beliefs about early childhood education
Children are capable of integrating aspects of the world around them through the use of their senses
In which philosophy are rules paramount and taken very seriously, the curriculum focuses on traditional and core classes, and the teachers focus heavily on standards and testing?
Essentialism
The writings of Homer, Shakespeare, Melville, and Einstein are essential components of curriculum in which philosophy of education?
Perennialism
Give examples of progressivists’ beliefs
- Teachers are facilitators and coaches
- Student’s are unique, active, and self-motivated
- The learning environment should be safe for risk-taking and it should be stimulating
List the basic principles of social reconstructionism
- Teachers should instill a sense of reponsibility for humanity
- Students should be involved in social issues
- Curriculum should emphasize equity
In what aspect do essentialism and perennialism differ most?
Curriculum
In which philosophy do teachers consider themselves primarily facilitators and coaches?
Progressivism
Which philosophy promotes individual learning and the education of the whole child? It includes the beliefs that knowedge leads to self-discovery and that instruction should include alternatives and choices and should require decision making.
Exitentialism
This philosophy is based on the belief that ideas are the only reliable form of reality
Idealism
Which philosophy contends that the needs of the individual are more important than the needs of society?
Romanticism
Who was the most prominent of the proponents of progressivism?
John Dewey
Which philosophy seeks to change society rather than just teach about it?
Social reconstructionism
Picking and choosing among the components of several philosophies to create an individual philosophy is referred to as…
An eclectic approach
Which philosophy contends that curriculum is set and unchanging?
Perennialism
What enters into every decision a teachers makes?
Philosophy
A teacher who primarily facilitates, coaches, and encourages likely has which anchor philosophy?
Progressivism
Which philosophy is least likely to initiate service-learning?
Essentailism
Which philosophy is least likley to give students choices?
Perennialism
The philosophy that grew out of a sense that those in power control those who do not have power is…
Postmodernism
Which philosophy emphasizes most strongly that choices are necessary for effective education?
Existentialism
Which philosophy says that education is more than preparation for life, it is life itself?
Progressivism
