Chapter 8 Flashcards

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1
Q

unconditioned responses (URs)

A

elicited by antecedent stimuli even though no conditioning or learning has occurred
A natural reflexive action of the body that occurs when a US is present

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2
Q

Respondent Conditioning

A

when a previously NS is paired with a US (the NS and the US are presented together). As a result of this pairing, the NS becomes a CS and elicits a CR similar to the UR.

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3
Q

trace conditioning

A

the NS precedes the US, but the NS ends before the US is presented

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4
Q

delay conditioning

A

the NS is presented and then the US is presented before the NS ends

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5
Q

simultaneous conditioning

A

the NS and the US are presented at the same time

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6
Q

backward conditioning

A

the US is presented before the NS

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7
Q

higher-order conditioning

A

an NS is paired with an already established CS and the NS becomes a CS

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8
Q

conditioned emotional responses (CERs)

A

conditioned responses but they are emotional

Positive or Negative

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9
Q

respondent extinction

A

extinction of a CR
repeated presentation of the CS without presenting the US
If the CS continues to occur in the absence of the US, the CR eventually decreases in intensity and stops

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10
Q

spontaneous recovery

A

when the CS elicits the CR after respondent extinction has taken place

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11
Q

discrimination

A

the CS is elicited by a single CS or a narrow range of CSs

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12
Q

generalization

A

a number of similar CSs or broader range of CSs elicit the same CR

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13
Q

salient

A

the more intense stimulus (which would be more effective as a CS)

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