Chapter 3

Question 1

Graph

Answer 1

visual representation of the occurrence of a behaviour over time

Question 2

follow-up period

Answer 2

the long period after treatment has been implemented

Question 3

abscissa

Answer 3

the x-axis (time)

Question 4

ordinate

Answer 4

the y-axis (behaviour)

Question 5

research design

Answer 5

determine whether the treatment (independent variable) was responsible for the observed change in the target behaviours (dependent variable) and to rule out other possibility that extraneous variables caused the behaviour to change

Question 6

independent variable

Answer 6

what the researcher manipulates to produce a change in the target behaviour

Question 7

dependent variable

Answer 7

target behaviour

Question 8

extraneous variable

Answer 8

any event that the researcher did not plan that may have affected the behaviour (confounding variable)

Question 9

functional relationship

Answer 9

when a researcher shows that a behaviour modification procedure causes a target behaviour to change

Question 10

multiple-baseline-across-subjects design

Answer 10

there is a baseline and a treatment phase for the same target behaviour of two or more subjects

Question 11

multiple-baseline-across-behaviours design

Answer 11

there is a baseline and a treatment phase for two or more behaviour of the same subject

Question 12

multiple-baseline-across-settings design

Answer 12

there is a baseline and a treatment phase for two or more settings in which the same behaviour of the same subject is measured

Question 13

alternating-treatments design (ATD)

Answer 13

baseline and treatment conditions (or two treatment conditions) are conducted in rapid succession and compared with each other (multi-element design)

Question 14

changing-criterion design

Answer 14

successive goal levels for the target behaviour specify how much the target behaviour should change during treatment