Chapter 8 Flashcards
2 dimensions of emotion
valance, arousal
Valance
how pos or neg the experience is
arousal
how active or passive the experience is
Pos or neg experiences are associated with
physiological reactivity
Emotions contain both?
emotional experience and physiological arousal
James-Lange theory
stimulus –> Physiological arousal –> emotional experience
Cannon-Bard theory
stimulus –> physiological arousal + emotional experience
Two- factor theory
Physical arousal + cognitive interpretation –> emotional experience
Amygdala
- production of emotion
- critical in making appraisals
What are the basic emotions
- Disgust
- Anger
- Fear
- Happiness
- Sadness
- Surprise
Misattribution of arousal
mislabel the source/ cause of arousal
Universality Hypothesis
emotional expressions that have the same meaning for everyone
Cognitive Functions
- problem solving and perseverance
- make judgements
Motivational Functions
- motivated to seek pleasure not pain
- motivate to take action
Social Functions
- communication
- humans need to belong to social groups
- moebius syndrome
5 needs
- Physiological (food)
- Safety (home)
- Love/ belonging (family)
- Esteem
- Self-actualization
CAPRAS DELUSION
what is it?
lack feeling familiarity when see familiar face
ex. looks like mom but not mom
what does it tell us about function of emotion?
- help quick judgments about people
- importance for social bonds
what brain areas are affected?
fusiform gyrus in temporal lobe
Sexual response cycle
excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution
Gay males are most likely to have
older male siblings
Social Structural Theory
Emphasizes cultural factors
What determines sexual orientation?
- Prenatal hormone exposure
- Behavioural Genetics
- Fraternal Birth order effect
- Hypothalamus
- Quasi-Experiment
Prenatal hormone exposure
exposure to higher lvls of androgens (testosterone) during prenatal development
Behavioural Genetics
- multiple genes
- no gay genes
- twins = significant genetic component
Fraternal birth order effect
gay males more likely to have older male siblings
Hypothalamus
hypothalamus smaller in gays but bc its smaller doesn’t mean your gay
Quasi - Experiment
How to grow a lesbian
boys w/ dick off at birth and raised as girl = still attracted to girls
Instincts
acting in such a way to produce certain ends, w/o foresight of ends, and w/o previous education in performance
Drives
internal states caused by physiological needs
Intrinsic vs. extrinsic motivation
Intrinsic- motivation to take actions that are rewarding
Extrinsic- motivation to take actions that LEAD to reward
Conscious vs. unconscious motivation
Conscious- motivations when aware
Unconscious- motivations when unaware
Approach vs. avoidance motivation
Approach- motivation to experience pos. outcomes
Avoidance- motivation to not experience neg outcomes
Reliable signs of someone lying
Slow-talking,
- few details
- ~ time before speaking
- less plausible stories
- higher voice pitch
- less admitted lack of memory
- fewer spontaneous corrections
Unreliable signs of someone lying
- fast talking
- response length
- self-doubt
- eye movement
- smiling
Are lie detector test accurate?
no but better than chance
Facial feedback hypothesis
emotional expressions can cause emotional experiences
What hormone triggers eating, and originates in the stomach (ON switch)
Ghrelin
What hormone releases fat cells as more fat is stored, and inhibits eating behaviour (OFF switch)
Leptin
Damage to lateral hypothalamus leads to
reduced food intake
Damage to ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus leads to
increase in food intake
Why do we overeat?
- Evolution
- Biochemical abnormalities
- Social and emotional factors
