Chapter 8 Flashcards
What 4 things are the entire process of rescuing?
Locating, accessing, stabilizing, and transporting
What is the hallmark of a technical rock rescuer?
Improvise and modify tools
What type of rescue obstacles include poor communications, bad lighting, cramped spaces, toxic gasses?
Cave/mine rescue
What term is described as floating vertically and shouldn’t be used in cold water?
Survival floating
What should one not do if found in water 50° or lower?
Swim to shore unless close
What type of PFG’s provide max buoyancy, bulky, will turn an unconscious victim face up, and are only used in rough waters?
Type 1
What type of PFD is horse collared, easily donned, will turn an unconscious person face up, and is best suited for general boating and quick rescuing?
Type 2
Which PFD contains minimum buoyancy, won’t turn unconscious person face up but will maintain a conscious person face up, easy to swim in, and provide a great choice for SAR.
Type 3
Which type of PFD is throwable?
Type 4
Which type of PFD are divided into specific activity(designed for what it says on the label), and hybrids(inflatable) and will turn an unoccupied person face up?
Type 5
The best way to extend survival time without a PFD is?
Tread water slowly
What position helps to increase survival time by 50% in a specific huddle position?
HELP
What type of environment requires greater diversity and foundation?
Snow and Ice
What form of ice is formed by collection of disk shaped crystals suspended in water, forming a thing opaque layer?
Frazil Ice
What type of ice is new ice formed by a hard freeze and is considered the strongest ice?
Clear ice
What type of ice is formed by water soaked snow?
Snow ice
What type of ice has a stripped appearance formed by refrozen layers of snow?
Layered ice
What type of ice forms finger like structures?
Candle ice
What type of ice is black?
Rotten ice
How many inches of ice is required for walking?
2 inches
What is the technique for rescuing people from ice?
“Teach, reach, throw, row, go”
What type of avalanche starts when a large area fractures at once? And what type is freefalling ice?
Slab,
Ice
Where and when are avalanches most common?
Slopes of 30-50°, shortly after storms (80%), slab on convex slopes, at the same location another avalanche happened, leeward slopes
Which type of probing technique is fast, and covers a large are with bad thoroughness, and which is the opposite?
Coarse probing
Fine probing
Where is the best places to be during a lightning storm?
Large enclosed structures, under head high clump of trees, enclosed metal vehicles
What degree of the core temp is considered hypothermic?
What is mild?
What is severe?
Below 95
97-91
90 and below
What are the 3 dangers in the cold?
Frostbite, frostnip, chilblain, trench foot
The Treatment of all heat related injuries is?
Eliminating exposure
What are the three heat related injuries?
Heatcramp, heat exhaustion, and heatstroke
What are you not suppose to do for frostbite in the field?
Rewarming
What altitude problem is the least dangerous, and is heavily associated with headache, traveling 8000 ft or above too quickly
AMS acute mountain sickness
Which altitude problem is described as fluid in the lungs brought by assessing too rapidly?
HAPE- high altitude pulmonary edema
What altitude problem is fluid in the brain?
HACE- high altitude cerebral edema
The best way to treat a snakebite is to: (3 steps)
Identify, immobilize, and evacuate
What is not recommended to cross a stream?
Traveling perpendicular to the flow
The three types of deserts are:
Mountain, rocky plateau, and sandy
On mixed ice/rock climbs, what should you do with crampons?
Wear them through the entire limb if the terrain is 50% suitable for them
