Chapter 8

Question 1

Supporting Materials

Answer 1

The materials used to support a speaker’s ideas. The three major kinds of supporting materials are examples, statistics, and testimony.

Question 2

Example

Answer 2

A specific case used to illustrate or represent a group of people, ideas, conditions, experiences, or the like.

Question 3

Brief Example

Answer 3

A specific case referred to in passing to illustrate a point.

Question 4

Extended Example

Answer 4

A story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point.

Question 5

Hypothetical Example

Answer 5

An example that describes an imaginary or fictitious situation.

Question 6

Statistics

Answer 6

Numerical data.

Question 7

Mean

Answer 7

The average value of a group of numbers.

Question 8

Median

Answer 8

The middle number in a group of numbers arranged from highest to lowest.

Question 9

Mode

Answer 9

The number that occurs most frequently in a group of numbers.

Question 10

Testimony

Answer 10

Quotations or paraphrases used to support a point.

Question 11

Expert Testimony

Answer 11

Testimony from people who are recognized experts in their fields.

Question 12

Peer Testimony

Answer 12

Testimony from ordinary people with firsthand experience or insight on a topic.

Question 13

Direct Quotation

Answer 13

Testimony that is presented word for word.

Question 14

Paraphrase

Answer 14

To restate or summarize a source’s ideas in one’s won words.

Question 15

Quoting out of context

Answer 15

Quoting a statement in such way was to distort its meaning by removing the statement from the words and phrases surrounding it.