Chapter 8

Question 1

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas

Answer 1

• Separate but equal struck down

Question 2

Lau v. Nichols

Answer 2

• Federally funded schools must rectify the language deficiency, Chinese in America

Question 3

Equal Educational Opportunity Act

Answer 3

• school district must take appropriate action to overcome language barriers that impede equal participation by its students

Question 4

four types of bilingual education programs

Answer 4

1. Immersion
   • only English spoken in classroom
   2, Transition
   • reading lessons in first language, lessons in English as second language
   • after mastery, transition to English only
2. Pullout
   • regularly pulled-out of English class to learn English with others who speak their first language (AKA sheltered English Program)
3. Maintenance
   • Maintains student’s native language and culture
   • instruction in English and native language provided

Question 5

Title IX of the Educational Amendments Act

Answer 5

• guarantees women equality of educational opportunity in federally funded educational programs
• greatest impact on athletic programs

Question 6

Women’s Educational Equity Act

Answer 6

• Expanded math, science, and technology programs for females
• programs to reduce sex role stereotyping in curriculum materials
• special programs to extend educational and career opportunities to minority, disabled, and rural women
• programs to help school personnel increase educational opportunities and career aspirations for females
• Encouragement for more females to participate in athletics