chapter 8

Question 1

movement of a bone around its own axis

Answer 1

uniaxial

Question 2

the only freely moveable joint of the skull

Answer 2

tempromandibular

Question 3

attaches bones together at joint

Answer 3

ligaments

Question 4

wedge of cartilage that helps to stabilize a joint

Answer 4

meniscus

Question 5

type of movement when tip of thumb touches the of finger on same hand

Answer 5

opposition

Question 6

function of synovial fluid

Answer 6

lubrication

Question 7

cartilaginous joint at front of pelvis

Answer 7

symphysis

Question 8

attaches muscles to bones

Answer 8

tendons

Question 9

joint which holds tooth into jaw

Answer 9

gomphoses

Question 10

a joint between two bones

Answer 10

articulation

Question 11

result of uric acid deposits in the joints

Answer 11

gout

Question 12

movement in which the limb describes a cone in space

Answer 12

circumduction

Question 13

movement in which angle between bones increases

Answer 13

extension

Question 14

special movement of the foot where it turns medially

Answer 14

inversion

Question 15

inflammation of a fluid filled sac

Answer 15

bursitis

Question 16

lifting a body part upwards

Answer 16

elevation

Question 17

lowering of a body part downwards

Answer 17

depression

Question 18

movement of a limb towards the midline

Answer 18

adduction

Question 19

name two types of ball and socket joints

Answer 19

hip and shoulder

Question 20

movements in which the forearm rotates

Answer 20

Supination (palm up) and Pronation (palm down)

Question 21

attachment of muscle that moves

Answer 21

insertion

Question 22

most skull articulations are of this type

Answer 22

sutures

Question 23

name the three types of fibrous joints and how they attach

Answer 23

Sutures - bones joined by short fivers
Syndesmoses - bones joined by ligaments
Gomphoses - ‘peg in socket’

Question 24

name the two types of cartilaginous joints and how they join

Answer 24

synchondroses - joined by pad of byline cartilage

symphysis - joined by pad of fibrocartilage

Question 25

Function - what are the three types of functional classification of joints and describe mobility

Answer 25

Synarthroses - no movement Amphiarthroses - slight movement Diarthroses - free movement

Question 26

Structure - what are the three structural classifications of joints and describe

Answer 26

fibrous - connected with fibrous C/T cartilaginous - pad of cartilage synovial - inside a fluid filled cavity

Question 27

What is the main function of a synovial joint

Answer 27

allow for ease of articulation of bones inside the cavity

Question 28

name some other structures present in some synovial joints

Answer 28

Bursae and tendon sheaths - fibrous sacs filled with synovial fluid fatty pads - between fibrous capsule and bone menisci - fibrocartilage wedges that help stabilize

Question 29

describe rotation

Answer 29

bone turns of its own long axis (e.g. atlas and axis)

Question 30

what is bursitis

Answer 30

inflammation of the bursar, usually caused by a blow or friction. treated with ice and rest

Question 31

what is tendonitis

Answer 31

inflammation of tendon sheaths, caused by overuse. ice and rest for treatment

Question 32

what is subluxation

Answer 32

partial dislocation of a joint

Question 33

what are the similarities and differences between sprains and cartilage tears

Answer 33

similar: both by a blow/overuse, misuse, both are tears differences: sprains are partial tears and repair themselves, cartilage tears do not as they are avascular. cartilage tears require surgery to repair

Question 34

what is syndesmoses

Answer 34

bones joined by ligament (band of C/T) | allows none to slight movement

Question 35

what is synchondroses in cartilaginous joints

Answer 35

bones joined together by a pad of hyaline cartilage | synarthrotic, no movement

Question 36

what is symphyses in cartilaginous joints

Answer 36

articular hyaline cartilage joined by pad of fibrocartilage strong, flexible, Amphiarthrosis (limited movement) ie. pubic symphysis

Question 37

list some features in synovial joints

Answer 37

articular cartilge joint (synovial) cavity (contains fluid) articular joint capsule (encloses the joint articulation) synovial fluid - lubricates (hyaluronic acis) ligaments - reinforce outside of capsule rich nerve and blood vessel supply