Chapter 8 Flashcards
Motivation
The forces either internal or external to a person that arouse enthusiasm and persistance to pursue a certain course of action
How leaders use motivation
Satisfy folowers’ needs and encourage high work performance
Model of motivation
Need, behavior, rewards, feedback
Need
Creates desire to fulfill needs (money, friendship, recognition, achievment)
Behavior
Results in action to fulfill needs
Rewards
Satisfy needs; intrinsic or extrinsic rewards
Feedback
Reward informs person whether behavior was appropriate and should be used again
Intrinsic rewards
Internral satisfaction a person receives in the process of performing a particular action
Extrinsic rewards
Rewardss given by another person, typically a supervisor, such as pay increases and promotions
Four categories of motives
Intrinsic/pleasure; extrinsic/positive; Extrinsic/negative; Intrinsic/negative
Needs based theories of motivation
Hierarchy of needs theory, two factor theory, acquired needss theory
Hierarchy of needs theory
Maslow’s theory proposes that humans are motivated by multiple needs and those needs exist in a hierarchichal order (physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, self-actualization
Two factor theory
Hygiene (working conditions) factors, motivators (job satisfaction, achievement, recognition)
Acquired needs theory
McClelland’s theory, which proposes that certain types of needs (achievement, affiliationn, power) are acquired during an individual’s lifetime
Acquired needs list
Need for achievement, affiliation, power
Reinforcement theory
A motivational theory that looks at the relationship between behavior and its consequences by changing or modifying followers’ on-the-job behavior through the appropriate use of immediate rewardss or punishments
Expectancy theory
A theory that ssuggests that motivation depends on individuals’ mental expectations about their ability to perform tasks and receive desired rewards
Equity theory
A theory that proposes that people are motivated to seek social equity in the rewards they receive for performance
Empowerment
Power sharing; the delegation of power or authority to subordinates in the organization
Engagement
People enjoy their jobs and are satisfied with their work conditions, contribute enthusiastically to meeting team and organizatoinal goals, and feel a sense of belonging and commitment to the organization
