Chapter 4 Flashcards
(30 cards)
Self-awareness
Being conscious of the internal aspects of one’s nature, such as personality traits, emotions, values, attitudes, and perceptions, and appreciating how your patterns affect other people
Importance of Self-Awareness
Effective leaders know who they are and what they stand for
Blind Spots
Characteristics or habits that people are not aware of or don’t recognize as problems but which limit their effectiveness and hinder their career success
Trusst
Gallup research suggests that only one in ten people possess the characteristics that great leaders exhibit, which include traits and behaviors necessary for building relationships based on trust and oppenness
Personality
The set of unseen characteristics and processes that underlie a relatively stable pattern of behavior in response to ideas, objects, and people in the environment
Big five personality dimension
Five general dimensions that describe personality: extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experience
Locus of Control
Defines whether a person places the primary responsibility for what happens to him or her within himself/herself or on outside forces
Internal vs External locus of control
Internal is that actions determine what happens to them and external is that outside forces determine what happens to them
Authoritarianism
The belief that power and status differences should exist in an organization
Values
Fundamental beliefs that an individual considers to be important, that are relatively stable over time, and that have an impact on attitudes and behavior
Instrumental values
Beliefs about the types of behavior that are appropriate for reaching goals
End values
Sometimes called terminal values these are beliefs about the kind of goals or outcomes that are worth trying to pursue
Attitude
An evaluation (either positive or negative) about people, events, or things
Theory X and Y
X is people are lazy and Y is people are willing to work
Perception
The process people use to make sense out of the environment by selecting, organizing, and interpreting information
Perceptual defense
Errors in judgement that arise from inaccuracies in the perceptual process
Stereotyping
Tendency to assign an individual to a broad category and then attribute generalizations about the group to the individual
Halo Effect
Overall impression of a person or situation based on one characteristic, either favorable or unfavorable
Projection
Tendency to see one’s own personal traits in other people
Perceptual defense
Tendency to protect oneself by disregarding ideas situations, or people that are unpleasant
Attributions
Judgements about what caused a person’s behavior - either characteristics of the person or of the situation
Internal attribution
Characteristics of the person led to the behavior
External attribution
Situation caused the person’s behavior
Fundamental attribution error
The tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors on another’s behavior and overestimate the influence of internal factors