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PSYCH 275 - Midterm 2 > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

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1
Q

Muscular Activation

A

involved in external expression of emotion

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2
Q

Emotion

A

increase/decrease in physiological activity paired with feelings

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3
Q

sympathetic NS

A

activates body during arousal (gets heart pumping)

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4
Q

Parasympathetic NS

A

shuts down body following arousal

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5
Q

James lange theory

A

emotional experience comes from physiological arousal that precedes it (smile = happy)

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6
Q

Cognitive theory

A

belief that identity of an emotion is based on cognitive assessment of a situation

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7
Q

Limbic system

A

network of structures arranged around upper brain stem (emotion = amygala, memeory = hippocampus)

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7
Q

Mirror neurons

A

neurons that fire both when we engage in a specific act and while observing the same act in others

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8
Q

Hypothalamus

A

primary control over autonomic system

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9
Q

amygdala

A

small limbic structure near lateral ventricle of temporal lobes (on = negative emotions) (off = positive emotions) (fear, anxiety)

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10
Q

Amygdala on

A

negative emotion

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11
Q

amygdala off

A

positive emotion

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12
Q

Insular cortex and basal ganglia

A

involved in digestion

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13
Q

insular

A

cortical project site for taste

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14
Q

basal ganglia

A

involved in motor functions

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15
Q

Anterior Cingulate cortex (ACC)

A

brain structure involved in attention, decision-making, impulse control, emotion

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16
Q

stress

A

environment that makes unusual demands on an organism

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17
Q

Hypothalamus- pituitary-adrenal axis

A

it releases stress hormone (cortisol)

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18
Q

Leukocytes

A

recognises invaders (by antigens: unique proteins, that every cell has) and kills them ASSASSINS

19
Q

Hypothalamus- pituitary-adrenal axis

A

they say hey, you can stop now, but long term stress makes the brain stop listening

20
Q

Macrophages

A

ingest invader and displays them on the outside of cell wall (it’s like putting its head on a pike for the other macrophages learn to eat that thing)

21
Q

T cells

A

attracted by specific antigens (only kill viruses of one strand) (specific)

22
Q

Natural killer cells

A

attack and kill cancer cells of virus infected cells

23
Q

B cells

A

produce antibodies that attack a particular cell type (attack on cell type not antigens) (general)

24
Q

Microglia

A

immunsystem of CNS (act like macrophages)

25
Q

negative stress symptoms

A

memory issues, appetite changes, poor sex, no energy, bad mood, bad immunsystem, bad concentration

25
Q

Sudden cardiac death

A

heart contacts so rapidly in pumps no (or little blood) brought on by stress

26
Q

Type D ‘distressed’

A

personalit linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease

27
Q

Congenital insensitivity to pain

A

people dont sense pain

28
Q

somatosensory cortex

A

primary pain projection

29
Q

Prefrontal cortex role in pain

A

plans on how to stop pain

30
Q

Aggression (ANIMALS)

A

forceful behaviour intended to hurt others

31
Q

Aggression (HUMANS)

A

forceful behaviour intended to hurt others

32
Q

Predatory Agression (animals)

A

animal attacks prey (emotionless)

33
Q

Affective aggression ( animals)

A

aggression brought on by impulsive and emotional arousal (2 male deer fighting for female deer)

34
Q

Proactive aggression (humans)

A

brings gain for aggressor (mugging someone)

35
Q

Reactive aggression (humans)

A

aggression in response to threat (someone insults you, you punch them)

36
Q

Amygdala (aggression)

A

detects and response to threats - emotional aggression

36
Q

prefrontal cortex

A

moderates aggression with regard to amygdala (supposed to be rational and say “no lets not punch someone right now”

37
Q

Hypothalamus

A

primary instigator of aggressive behaviour (all types)

38
Q

Insula and anterior cingulate (when emotion is involved)

A

part of aggression structures

39
Q

testosterone (aggression)

A

role in aggression (reduces impulse control)(harder to regulate emotion)

39
Q

serotonin (aggression)

A

inhibitory, suppressing motivating behaviour

40
Q

low serotonin

A

linked to impulsive aggression

41
Q

cortisol

A

inhibitory to aggression

42
Q

testosterone, serotonin, cortisol

A

all play roles in aggression together

PSYCH 275 - Midterm 2 (4 decks)

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