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PSYCH 275 - Midterm 2 > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

Dependence

A

need to take drug to avoid withdrawal

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2
Q

tolerance

A

more drug required to produce same effect

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3
Q

Withdrawal

A

negative reaction when drug is stopped

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3
Q

addiction

A

need for obtaining drug, compulsive use, tendency to relapse

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4
Q

Opiate

A

drug derived from opium plant naturally

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5
Q

opioid

A

anything that acts like opiate, bind to opioid receptor

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6
Q

Opiates and Opioid

A

blocks pain, calming effect, sympathetic NS

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7
Q

Heroin

A

opiate, calming, pain blocker, SNS, withdrawal is opposite

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8
Q

Endogenous endorphines

A

opioids generated withtin the body

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9
Q

Depressants

A

drug that reduces Central nervous system activity (CNS)

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10
Q

sedative

A

calms

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11
Q

anxiolytic

A

reduces anxiety

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12
Q

hypnotic

A

relaxed state

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13
Q

alcohol

A

depressant, euphoria, reduces anxiety, motor impairments, blocks memory, GABA increase

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14
Q

barbiturate

A

depressant, GABA increase, increases inhibition

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15
Q

benzodiazepines

A

depressant, reduces anxiety, sedation, muscle relaxation, GABA increases

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16
Q

Delirium tremens

A

server alcohol withdrawal,

17
Q

stimulants

A

activates CNS, produces arousal, alertness, and elevated mood

18
Q

Cocaine

A

stimulant, euphoria, reduce appetite, increase alertness, relives fatigue

19
Q

Amphetamines

A

stimulant, produce euphoria, increase confidence, and concentration

20
Q

Nictoine

A

stimulant, relaxes, tranquillises, decreases appetite, withdrawal = anxiety, headaches, lightheadness

21
Q

Bath salts

A

stimulant, causes psychosis, deleria, can kill you

21
Q

caffeine

A

stimulant, produces arousal, increased alertness, decrease sleepiness

22
Q

Psychedelic drug

A

compounds that cause preceptual distortion in the user

22
Q

Serotonergic

A

psychedelic drug, acts on seritione, sensory distortions

23
Q

Catecholaminergic

A

psychedelic drug, also a stimulant, more social, higher sexual arousal, hallucinogenic,

24
Q

NMDA receptor agonists

A

psychhedelic drug, pat of glutamate, disorientation, hallucination

25
Q

Designer Drugs

A

psychedellic drugs, dangerous

26
Q

Marijuana

A

long term uses reduces brain volume, effects memory and emotional regulation,

27
Q

mesolimbic pathway

A

reward circuit

28
Q

ventral tegmental area

A

sends dopamine to nucleus accumbens, all drugs someohow increase dopamine in nucleus accumbens

29
Q

mesocorticolimbic dopamine system

A

system consisting of ventral tegmental area, and brain regions receiving it;s dopamine (nucleus accumbens, preforntal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus

30
Q

hypofrontlity

A

reduced activity in frontal regions that control working memory, behavioural inhibition, response to enviroment,

31
Q

comorbidity

A

2 disease relating at the same time

31
Q

agonist treatment

A

replace one drug with another drug in similar effect (nicotine for caffiene)

32
Q

methadone

A

synthetic opioid, treats opioid addiction (need drug less often when used)

33
Q

antagonist treatments

A

involve drug that blocks effects of the addicting drug (they take drug nothing happens)

34
Q

aversion treatment

A

negative reaction when they take drug

35
Q

antidrug vaccines

A

molecules attach to drug and stimulant immusystme to make antibodies to destroy the drug

36
Q

Type 1 alcoholic

A

cautious, emotionally deoendant, older then 25, they don’t drink then binge, then feel guilty (environment cause)

37
Q

Type 2 alcoholic

A

confident, emotional attached, young, drink consistently, never guilty (purely genetic)

38
Q

Methylation

A

methyl group attaches to DNA which suppresses genes activity

PSYCH 275 - Midterm 2 (4 decks)

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