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Clinical Psychology > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

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1
Q

Any assessment technique used by a clinical psychologist should possess the qualities of ____________, __________, and ___________.

A

validity, reliability, clinical utility

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2
Q

An assessment technique has __________ to the extent that it measures what it claims to measure.

A

validity

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3
Q

The technique has ____________ to the extent that it yields consistent, repeatable results.

A

reliability

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4
Q

Assuming the technique is used in clinical settings, it should provide ______________. Even the most valid and reliable test ever created wouldn’t be helpful to a clinical psychologist if it didn’t benefit the clinician and, ultimately, the client in some meaningful way.

A

clinical utility

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5
Q

An element wherein clinical psychologists provide their clients with the results of tests or interviews that have been conducted

A

Feedback

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6
Q

The ___________________ of the clinical psychologists focus on the interviewer’s own frame of mind rather than any particular set of techniques.

A

general skills

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7
Q

The general skills of a clinical psychologist are:

A
  • quieting yourself
  • being self-aware
  • developing positive working relationships
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8
Q

It is the extent to which the assessment technique measures what it claims to measure.

A

Validity

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9
Q

It is the extent to which the assessment technique has content appropriate for what is being measured.

A

Content validity

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10
Q

It is the extent to which the assessment technique correlates with other techniques that measure the same thing.

A

Convergent validity

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11
Q

It is the extent to which the assessment technique does not correlate with techniques that measure something else.

A

Discriminant validity

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12
Q

It is the extent to which the assessment technique yields consistent, repeatable results.

A

Reliability

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13
Q

It is the extent to which the assessment technique yields similar results across multiple administrations at different times.

A

Test-retest reliability

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14
Q

It is the extent to which the assessment technique yields similar results across different administrators.

A

Interrater reliability

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15
Q

It is the extent to which the assessment technique consists of items that are consistent with one another.

A

Internal reliability

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16
Q

It is the extent to which the assessment technique improves delivery of services or client outcomes.

A

Clinical utility

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17
Q

The term _____________________ does not simply mean that the interviewer shouldn’t talk much during the interview (although rambling by the interviewer is usually not a good idea). Rather than the interviewer’s speech, what should be quieted is the interviewer’s internal, self-directed thinking pattern.

A

quieting yourself

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18
Q

It should not be confused with the excessive self-consciousness. It is the interviewer’s ability to know how he or she tends to affect others interpersonally and how others tend to relate to him or her

A

Being self-aware

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19
Q

There is no formula for ________________________________________ during an interview; however, attentive listening, appropriate empathy, genuine respect, and cultural sensitivity play significant roles

A

developing positive working relationships

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20
Q

A primary task of the interviewer is to listen. Listening may seem like a simple enough task, but it can be broken down into even more fundamental building blocks of _________________________.

A

attending behaviors

21
Q

These are the attending behaviors:

A
  • Eye contact
  • Body language
  • Vocal qualities
  • Verbal tracking
  • Referring to the Client by the Proper Name
  • Observing Client Behaviors
22
Q

____________ not only facilitates listening, but it also communicates listening. That is, when the client notices the interviewer’s continuous, appropriate ___________________, the client feels heard.

A

eye contact

23
Q

A few general guidelines for this attending behavior include facing the client, appearing attentive, minimizing restlessness, and displaying appropriate facial expressions.

A

Body language

24
Q

Skilled interviewers have mastered the subtleties of the ______________ of language—not just the words but how those words sound to the client’s ears. They use pitch, tone, volume, and fluctuation in their own voices to let clients know that their words and feelings are deeply appreciated.

A

vocal qualities

25
Q

Interviewers skilled at ________________ monitor the train of thought implied by clients’ patterns of statements and are thus able to shift topics smoothly rather than abruptly. They are able to repeat key words and phrases back to their clients to assure the clients that they have been accurately heard.

A

verbal tracking

26
Q

Components of the Interview

A
  • Rapport
  • Technique
  • Conclusions
27
Q

Techniques during Interview

A
  • Directive Versus Nondirective Styles
  • Specific Interviewer Responses
28
Q

It refers to a positive, comfortable relationship between interviewer and client

A

Rapport

29
Q

If rapport is how an interviewer is with clients, __________ is what an interviewer does with clients. These are the tools in the interviewer’s toolbox, including questions, responses, and other specific actions.

A

technique

30
Q

Interviewers who use a/an _____________ get exactly the information they need by asking clients specifically for it. These questions tend to be targeted toward specific pieces of information, and client responses are typically brief, sometimes as short as a single word (e.g., “yes” or “no”).

A

directive style

31
Q

Interviewers who use a/an ___________________ allow the client to determine the course of the interview. Without direction from the interviewer, a client may choose to spend a lot of time on some topics and none on others

A

nondirective style

32
Q

There are numerous common categories of interviewer responses, namely:

A
  • Open- and Closed-Ended Questions
  • Clarification
  • Confrontation
  • Paraphrasing
  • Reflection of Feeling
  • Summarizing
33
Q

_________________________ allow for individualized and spontaneous responses from clients. These responses tend to be relatively long, and although they may include a lot of information relevant to the client, they may lack details that are important to the clinical psychologist.

A

Open-ended questions

34
Q

__________________ allow for far less elaboration and self-expression by the client but yield quick and precise answers.

A

Closed-ended questions

35
Q

The purpose of a/an _____________ question is to make sure the interviewer has an accurate understanding of the client’s comments. These questions not only enhance the interviewer’s ability to “get it,” they also communicate to the client that the interviewer is actively listening and processing what the client says.

A

clarification

36
Q

Interviewers use _______________ when they notice discrepancies or inconsistencies in a client’s comments. Confrontations can be similar to clarifications, but they focus on apparently contradictory information provided by clients.

A

confrontation

37
Q

Unlike clarifying or confronting, it is not prompted by the interviewer’s need to resolve or clarify what a client has said. Instead, __________________ is used simply to assure clients that they are being accurately heard.

A

paraphrasing

38
Q

Whereas a paraphrase echoes the client’s words, a ______________________ echoes the client’s emotions. These are intended to make clients feel that their emotions are recognized, even if their comments did not explicitly include labels of their feelings

A

reflection of feeling

39
Q

_________________ usually involves tying together various topics that may have been discussed, connecting statements that may have been made at different points, and identifying themes that have recurred during the interview.

A

Summarizing

40
Q

Pragmatics of the Interview

A
  • Note Taking
  • Audio and Video Recordings
  • The Interview Room
  • Confidentiality
41
Q

Types of Interviews

A
  • Intake Interviews
  • Diagnostic Interviews
  • Mental Status Exam
  • Crisis Interviews
42
Q

The purpose of the __________________ is essentially to determine whether to “intake” the client to the setting where the interview is taking place. In other words, it determines whether the client needs treatment; if so, what form of treatment is needed (inpatient, outpatient, specialized provider, etc.); and whether the current facility can provide that treatment or the client should be referred to a more suitable facility.

A

intake interview

43
Q

The purpose of the _________________ is to diagnose. At the end of it, the interviewer is able to confidently and accurately assign Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) diagnoses to the client’s problems.

A

diagnostic interview

44
Q

A/An __________________ is a predetermined, planned sequence of questions that an interviewer asks a client. These are constructed for particular purposes, usually diagnostic.

A

structured interview

45
Q

A/An ___________________, in contrast, involves no predetermined or planned questions. In these interviews, interviewers improvise: They determine their questions on the spot, seeking information that they decide is relevant during the course of the interview

A

unstructured interview

46
Q

It is the most prominent structured interview for DSM-5 diagnosis. It was created by some of the leading authors of recent editions of the DSM, and it is essentially a comprehensive list of questions that directly ask about the specific symptoms of the many disorders included in the DSM

A

Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Disorders (SCID)

47
Q

In actual practice, quite a few clinical psychologists blend both structured and unstructured approaches to conduct an interview that may be labeled as a partially structured or
_________________________.

A

semistructured interview

48
Q

The _____________ is commonly used in hospitals and medical centers to quickly estimate a client’s current level of
functioning at the time of evaluation.

A

mental status exam

49
Q

The __________________ is a special type of clinical interview and can be uniquely challenging for the interviewer. Their purposes extend beyond mere assessment. They are designed not only to assess a problem demanding urgent attention (most often, clients actively considering suicide or another act of harm toward self or others) but also to provide immediate and effective intervention for that problem.

A

crisis interview

Clinical Psychology (8 decks)

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