Chapter 4

Question 1

psychoanalysis as the first force
behaviorism as the second force
humanism/person-centered psychology as the third force
what is the fourth force?

Answer 1

multiculturism

Question 2

it enhances and strengthens existing models by infusing them with sensitivity and awareness of how they can be best applied to individuals of various cultural backgrounds

Answer 2

multiculturism

Question 3

compels psychologists to work with cultural sensitivity and competence

Answer 3

ethical code

Question 4

DSM offers an “_________,” which instructs clinicians in
various aspects of culture to assess in clients, such as cultural identity, cultural conceptualization of distress, and cultural features of the relationship with the mental health professional.

Answer 4

Outline for Cultural Formulation

Question 5

DSM offers a “_________,” a series of 16 specific questions that can guide a clinician toward a culturally informed interview.

Answer 5

Cultural Formulation Interview

Question 6

The _________ includes nine terms that represent psychological problems observed in
groups from various parts of the world.

Answer 6

glossary of cultural concepts
of distress

Question 7

a term in which a person anxiously avoids interpersonal situations because they believe that their appearance, actions, or odor will offend other people

Answer 7

taijin kyofusho

Question 8

term in which a frightening event is thought to cause the soul to leave the body, resulting in depressive symptoms

Answer 8

susto

Question 9

term in which one person can “send” psychological problems like depression and psychosis to another, usually as a result of envy or hatred toward the other person’s success

Answer 9

maladi moun

Question 10

when clients perceive their
therapists as _____, they are more likely to form strong working relationships with them, which leads to fewer therapy drop-outs and better therapy outcomes

Answer 10

culturally competent

Question 11

_____ is defined as the counselor’s acquisition of awareness, knowledge, and skills needed to function effectively in a pluralistic democratic society

Answer 11

Multicultural counseling competence

Question 12

three primary components to
multicultural competence as applied to clinical/counseling work.

Answer 12

“awareness, knowledge, and skills”

Question 13

comes to understand that their viewpoint is (like everyone’s) unique and idiosyncratic

Answer 13

cultural self-awareness

Question 14

Cultural knowledge should include not only the current lifestyle of the members
of the cultural group but also the ???

Answer 14

group’s history, especially regarding major social and political issues.

Question 15

when people find themselves in a new cultural environment, they may respond in a variety of ways, especially with regard to adopting elements of the new culture or retaining elements of their original culture

Answer 15

acculturation

Question 16

Four separate acculturation strategies

Answer 16

1. assimilation
2. separation
3. marginalization
4. integration

Question 17

(acculturation strategy) the individual rejects both the new and the original culture

Answer 17

marginalization

Question 17

(acculturation strategy) the individual adopts much of the new culture and abandons much of the original

Answer 17

assimilation

Question 18

(acculturation strategy) the individual rejects much of the new culture and retains much of the original

Answer 18

separation

Question 19

(acculturation strategy) the individual adopts much of the new culture and retains much of the original

Answer 19

integration

Question 20

are comments or actions made in a cross-cultural context that convey prejudicial, negative, or stereotypical
beliefs and may suggest dominance or superiority of one group over another

Answer 20

Microaggressions

Question 21

perspective that emphasizes the similarities between all people. It assumes universality among all people and generally does not attach importance to differences among cultural groups.

Answer 21

etic

Question 22

perspective that recognizes and
emphasizes culture-specifc norms.

Answer 22

emic

Question 23

1____ for sounds that are common to all languages
2.______ for sounds that are specific to a particular language

Answer 23

1. phonetics 2. phonemics

Question 24

three-level model in which all levels hold some degree of importance

Answer 24

tripartite model of personal identity

Question 25

level in tripartite model where the premise is that “all individuals are, in some respects, like no other individuals.”

Answer 25

individual level

Question 26

level in tripartite model where the premise is that “all individuals are, in some respects, like some other
individuals.”

Answer 26

group level

Question 27

level in tripartite model where the premise that “all individuals are, in some respects, like all other individuals”

Answer 27

universal level

Question 28

Many other “_____” based on specific work settings, living communities, or other variables may represent enough of an influence on the life experiences of clients to justify tailoring the treatment to best ft them

Answer 28

subcultures

Question 29

it means lots of cultural variables may interact in unique ways to shape the life experience of a client

Answer 29

multifactorial