Chapter 8 Flashcards
Where is emotion in the brain?
There is no single location in the brain emotion is localized to
What is emotion?
A temporary state that involves unique subjective experiences and psychological activity to prepare people for action
What are feelings?
A closeness of ones feelings to one another
What is the map of emotions?
It estimates location and distance between emotions on two dimensions: valence and arousal
What are appraisals?
A conscious or unconscious evaluation and interpretations of emotion relevant parts of a stimulus
What are action tendencies?
A readiness to engage in a specific set of emotion-relevant behaviours (anger leads to approach)
Explain the James-Lange theory
A stimuli triggers activity in the ANS which produces an emotional experience in the brain
Explain the Cannon-Bard theory.
Thoughts and emotions occur at the same time but are independent from physiological activity
What challenges James-Lange theory?
Some of our emotional experiences happen before our bodily experiences do, other factors can cause bodily responses that don’t involve emotions, for the theory to work every human emotion would have to be associated with a specific bodily response
Explain Stanley Schachter and Jerome Singers two factor theory.
Any stimulus that triggers a specific emotion will trigger a specific bodily reaction, referred to as the physiological finger print
What argues the two factor theory?
That single bodily responses do not underline all emotions
What role does the amygdala play in emotion?
The amygdala is a threat detector that evaluates the emotion-relevant aspects of a stimulus
What is the fast pathway of fear?
Stimulus -> thalamus -> amygdala, means a person may experience an emption without knowing why
What is the slow pathway of fear?
Stimulus -> thalamus -> cortex -> amygdala
What is emotional expression?
An observable sign of someones emotional state
Explain the universality hypothesis
Emotional expression is a language universally spoken and understood, and all expressions means the same thing to all people
Explain the facial feedback hypothesis.
People use their own emotions to identify others emotions
What did Wood and colleagues (2016) discover?
That the more diverse a culture is the more easily the facial expressions of its members can be understood by members of other cultures
Explain what Amit Goldberg and colleagues (2021) found.
When we look at a sea of faces we tend to pick out the most extreme emotions, leads to over estimation of the whole crowds emotions
What are display rules?
Norms for the control of appropriate emotional expression, different cultures use same technique with different rules
Define Intensification.
Exaggerating emotional expression
