chapter 8 Flashcards
2 types of autotrophs
photoautotrophs use sunlight to make food (plants, algae), chemiautotrophs capture energy from inorganic compounds to make food (thermophilic bacteria)
which organelle does photosynthesis occur?
chloroplasts, contains thylakoids and grana
which plant part absobrs H20
roots from soil
which plant part acquires Co2
stomata (small pores on leaf underside), O2 waste product exits through stomata
photosynthesis equation reaction
6CO2 + 12H20 +sunlight = C6H12O6 + 6O2+6H20 (water oxygen glucose)
Chloroplast redox reaction
splits H20 into hydrogen and oxygen, uses electrons of hydrogen into sugar. releases O2 as byproduct (REDOX REACTION) bc gaining electrons
2 processes
light reaction and calvin cycle
Light reaction
occurs in thylakoid membrane grana, splits water, releases oxygen, produce ATP, and form NADPH
calvin cycle
stroma, forms sugar from CO2, uses ATP for energy and NADPH for reducing power
Porphyrin Ring
Mg at center, light absorbing head of molecule Chlorophyll A
what happens when pigment absobrs light
BECOMES excited and untsable
what is a photosystem
reaction center surrounded by light harvesting complexes, electron acceptors
linear electron flow
primary pathway of energy transformation in the light reactionx, produces NADPH, ATP, and O2
both chloroplasts and mitochondira
generate ATP through chemiosmosis but use different energy sources, both have H+ gradient and ATP synthase pumps H+ to make ATP
where calvin cycle
stroma
reactants and products of calvin cycle
ATP and NADPH to convert CO2 to sugar
3 steps of calvin cycle
carbon fixation, reduction, regeneration of CO2 acceptor
endosymbiotic theory
some eukaryotic cell organelles, such as mitochondria and plastids, evolved from free-living prokaryotes.
