Chapter 8 Flashcards
A nurse working in a community clinic noticed an unusually large number of patients with a specific type of influenza. The nurse knew that the disease was running rampant in other parts of the country, making it ____.
A.
A pandemic
B.
An endemic
C.
An epidemic
D.
Both 1 and 2
C. An epidemic
A nurse who treated a patient with a severe respiratory infection incorporates which of the following preventive measures to ensure the disease will not spread to others?
A.
Use personal protection equipment (PPE)
B.
Wash hands frequently
C.
Proper cleaning of patient areas
D.
All of the above
D. All of the above
When a patient shows symptoms of pneumonia, the nurse knows to first understand three key factors about the disease, including:
A.
The infectious agents that cause disease
B.
The environment relevant to the transmission of disease from one person to another
C.
Who is at risk for becoming infected
D.
All of the above
D. All of the above
A nurse starting a new job in a pediatric clinic is reviewing a list of infectious diseases he or she might encounter in her patients. Which of these are included on her list?
A.
Chickenpox
B.
Tuberculosis (TB)
C.
Group A streptococcus
D.
Both 1 and 3
D. Both 1 and 3
Each fall, a public health nurse (PHN) working with the elderly understands that influenza peaks in ____ and ____, so the PHN checks the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s flu report that tracks trends across the country.
A.
December, February
B.
October, March
C.
December, April
D.
September, February
A.
December, February
A PHN working in an Idaho clinic suspects that a patient—a 30-year-old Hispanic man who was a substance abuser—has HIV/AIDS. Which of the following might have suggested that conclusion?
A.
He is in the 25 to 44 age group where rates are the highest.
B.
He is Hispanic and a substance abuser.
C.
He lives in Idaho, a state with a high percentage of HIV/AIDS patients.
D.
Both 1 and 2
D. Both 1 and 2
A nurse volunteering in an African clinic notices many patients have diarrheal disease, which the nurse recognizes is spread by which of the following?
A.
Water
B.
Food
C.
Person-to-person contact
D.
All of the above
D. All of the above
Although many communicable diseases have been eradicated, new ones are appearing or old ones are morphing into new forms. Which of the following fall into the category of those not yet eradicated?
A.
Multiple drug resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB)
B.
Smallpox
C.
West Nile Virus
D.
Both 1 and 3
D. Both 1 and 3
A patient showing signs of pneumonia is admitted to a hospital, where tests indicate he has highly infectious M tuberculosis, and he has had contact with many patients, employees, and family members despite isolation. An investigation team, including a PHN, should take which of the following steps to find out what went wrong?
A.
Identify the index case, the first case identified in a particular outbreak.
B.
Identify secondary cases, those patients who were diagnosed with active TB and who had contact with the index patient.
C.
Identify all contacts.
D.
All of the above
D. All of the above
When treating patients that may be infectious, nurses are required to institute appropriate isolation procedures based on the known or suspected agent. These procedures are public health interventions aimed at preventing the spread of disease in:
A.
Employees
B.
Community members
C.
Other patients
D.
All of the above
C. Other patients
PHNs are involved in protecting the population at large from the spread of infectious agents. They must be able to identify elements of the infection cycle in their patients, including
A.
Agent of infection characteristics
B.
Mode of transmission
C.
Lifecycle of an agent of infection
D.
All of the above
D.
All of the above
Infection control nurses in two hospitals located in the same county notice an increase in positive labs for Escherichia coli (E. coli) 0157:H7 infections in their patients. They then join the investigative team and conduct which of the following steps to prevent the spread of the outbreak?
A.
Determine if there is an epidemic.
B.
Find a common source.
C.
Identify the pathogen.
D.
All of the above
D. All of the above
A Baltimore City nurse is aware that from 2003 to 2004 the prevalence of syphilis in the city increased by 40%. As part of the investigative team, the nurse and colleagues assessed the data related to the new syphilis cases and were able to define it as an epidemic using which of the following steps?
A.
Determine if the prevalence reached epidemic threshold.
B.
Determine the type of epidemic.
C.
Review demographic cases.
D.
All of the above
D. All of the above
A nurse working in the emergency department is aware that the flesh-eating bug can be caused by:
A.
Staphylococcus aureus
B.
Clostridium perfringens
C.
Bacteroides fragilis
D.
All of the above
D. All of the above
While studying communicable diseases, a PHN learns that the main objective is to control the spread of disease by
A.
Changing the environment
B.
Activating the agent
C.
Increasing host resistance
D.
Both 1 and 3
D. Both 1 and 3
