Ch. 1 Flashcards
The public health nurse (PHN) knows that he must approach a public health problem with an understanding of the related underlying risk factors in order to develop effective nursing interventions. He must also consider that these risk factors can be either ____ based or ____ based.
A.
Disease; individual
B.
Intervention; Government
C.
Epidemic; population
D.
Individual; population
D. Individual;population
A nursing student is studying public health. She learns that, according to C.E.A. Winslow’s definition, some of the goals of public health are disease prevention, promoting health, control of communicable infections, and ____.
A.
Risk assessment for disease
B.
Birth control
C.
Education on personal hygiene
D.
Governmental safety regulations
C. Education on personal hygiene
If the international medical community was working to contain several worldwide pandemics, they would look to the World Health Organization (WHO), which is
A.
The public health arm of the United Nations
B.
Working to improve health and well-being for the global population
C.
Working with nurses to promote public health interventions
D.
All of the above
D. All of the above
The Institute of Medicine (IOM) stated in their report, The Future of the Public’s Health, that there are three core functions that society carries out to collectively support the optimum conditions for public health. Which one of the following is not one of these functions?
A.
Prevention
B.
Assessment
C.
Policy development
D.
Assurance
A. Prevention
A nursing instructor is giving a lecture on public health and the importance of maintaining a population-focused perspective when administering care. Which of the following statements might a nursing student hear from the instructor?
A.
Individual health occurs within the context of the population.
B.
Individual health occurs within the context of the environment surrounding the individual.
C.
Individuals achieve health at the individual level through individualistic actions.
D.
Both 1 and 2
D. Both 1 and 2
With aging, there is an increase in noncommunicable (chronic) illness. The PHN recognizes that an example of a noncommunicable illness is
A.
Heart disease
B.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
C.
Hepatitis
D.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
A. Heart disease
A PHN would like to use the Dahlgren-Whitehead model to help herself and other local practitioners understand health in populations. She understands that the Dahlgren-Whitehead ecological model assumes that
A.
There are multiple determinants of health and thus, multiple strategies are needed.
B.
A population and environmental approach is essential.
C.
Linkages and relationships are crucial.
D.
All of the above
D. All of the above
The obesity rate in a local neighborhood is the product of a poor quality grocery store and a lack of dedicated venues for exercise. This is an example of “upstream” determinants of public health determining the ecology of a community’s health “downstream.” The PHN understands that upstream determinants include social relations, neighborhoods and communities, institutions, and ____.
A.
Social and economic policies
B.
Availability of medicine
C.
Nursing interventions
D.
Government programs
A. Social and economic policies
A nursing instructor is giving a lecture on community participation in an ecological public health system. She teaches that the benefits of this collaboration for participants in the community’s public health are that their efforts increase effectiveness and productivity, empower the participants, strengthen social engagement, and ____.
A.
Decrease disease rates
B.
Ensure accountability
C.
Increase the number of medical facilities
D.
Monitor childhood illnesses
A. Decrease disease rates
The PHN recognizes that which of the following scenarios is not an example of community collaboration?
A.
A local service group working to organize disaster relief for tornado victims
B.
A city council passing an ordinance to stop smoking in restaurants
C.
An advocacy group working to improve health care for the mentally ill
D.
A school working with the local health department to start a school clinic
B. A city council passing an ordinance to stop smoking in restaurants
The PHN understands that which layer of government is responsible for issuing quarantines?
A.
Federal
B.
State
C.
Local
D.
All of the above
C. Local
The nursing student is taught correctly that local health departments do not oversee
A.
The surveillance of disease
B.
Investigation of disease outbreaks
C.
Licensing of local hospitals
D.
Public sanitation and water supply
C. Licensing of local hospitals
The PHN recognizes that environmental science, epidemiology, biostatistics, biomedical sciences, and ____ form the foundational subjects of public health.
A.
Economics
B.
The humanities
C.
Social and behavioral sciences
D.
Anthropology
C. Social and behavioral sciences
As defined by the World Health Organization (WHO), an example of a health promotion intervention is ____ whereas a health promotion, risk reduction is ____.
A.
A health fair; funding a school health library
B.
Giving a free exercise class; offering coupons at a restaurant for healthy food
C.
A free antibiotic giveaway; a diet class for teenagers
D.
A tour of a hospital; a relaxation technique class
B. Giving a free exercise class; offering coupons at a restaurant for healthy food
According to O’Donnell’s definition of health promotion, how could a public health nurse advise a company to encourage its employees to work toward good health?
A.
Lower insurance premiums for good health habits
B.
Have employee exercise classes or discounted health club memberships
C.
Have incentives for healthy eating
D.
All of the above
D. All of the above
