Chapter 8 Flashcards
What is an aneurysm?
A localized dilatation of the wall of an artery
What is arteritis?
Inflammation of an artery
What is a carotid body tumor?
A benign mass of the carotid body, which is a small round mass at the carotid bifurcation
What is a dissection?
A tear along the inner layer of an artery that results in the splitting or separation of the walls of a blood vessel
What is fibromuscular dysplasia?
Abnormal growth and development of the muscular layer of an artery wall with fibrosis and collagen deposition causing stenosis.
What is a intimal flap?
A small tear in the wall of a blood vessel, resulting in a portion of the intima and part of the media protruding into the lumen of the vessel
What is a pseudo aneurysm?
A dilation of an artery with disruption of one or more layers of the vessel wall causing an expanding hematoma; aka false aneurysm
What is tortuosity?
The quality of being tortuous, winding and twisting
A pulsatile mass at the base of the neck may be indicative (and often mistaken) for an aneurysm, when it is most likely tortuosity of which of the following?
The proximal common carotid
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the flow in a secondary lumen created by a tear or dissection?
What is a likely source of the symptoms in patients under 50 years of age presenting to the vascular lab with symptoms of stroke (without typical risk factors)?
A dissection of one of the carotid vessels
When performing Doppler on a tortuous internal carotid artery, how should the cursor be aligned if a velocity measurement must be made on a curved segment of the artery?
b.Set the angle cursor so the middle of the cursor is parallel to the walls and center stream.
Which of the following is a major feature that should be present for a diagnosis of dissection?
A hyperechoic line in the lumen of the artery
Which condition consists of a repetitive pattern of narrowing and small dilatation in an internal carotid artery, giving the appearance of a “string of beads”?
Fibromuscular dysplasia
In a patient with hypertension, incidental diagnosis of fibromuscular dysplasia in the carotid artery system should lead to follow-up evaluation of which vessel(s)?
Renal arteries
