Chapter 8 Flashcards
Statistical Hypothesis
A conjecture about a population parameter. This conjecture may or may not be true
Null Hypothesis
Statistical hypothesis that states that there is no difference between a parameter and a specific value, or that there is no difference between 2 parameters
Alternative Hypothesis
Statistical hypothesis that states the existence of a difference between a parameter and a specific value, or states that there is a difference between 2 parameters
Two-tailed test
Null hypothesis specifies that the mean will remain unchanged and the alternative hypothesis states that it’ll be different.
-Null hypothesis should be rejected when the test value is in either of the 2 critical regions
Statistical test
Uses the data obtained from a sample to make a decision about whether the null hypothesis should be rejected
Test value/test statistic
The numerical value obtained from a statistical test
Type 1 error
Occurs if you reject the null hypothesis when it is true
Type 2 error
Occurs if you do not reject the null hypothesis when it is false
Level of significance
The maximum probability of committing a type 1 error
Critical/rejection region
The range of test values that indicates that there is a significant difference and that the null hypothesis should be rejected
Noncritical/nonrejection region
The range of test values that indicates that the difference was probably due to chance and the null hypothesis should not be rejected
Critical value
Separates the critical region from the noncritical region
One-tailed test
Indicates that the null hypothesis should be rejected when the test value is in the critical region on 1 side of a the mean
P-value (or probability value)
Is the probability of getting a sample statistic in the direction of the alternative hypothesis when the null hypothesis is true.
Z-test
Used when the population standard deviation is known
