Chapter 8

Question 1

The interval of time between cell divisions is called

Answer 1

interphase

Question 2

Cells that are about to divide contain

Answer 2

duplicated chromosomes

Question 3

The segments of DNA that control a cell’s metabolism and the traits of the individual are

Answer 3

genes

Question 4

The type of cellular nuclear division that produces two daughter cells with the same number and kind of chromosomes is called

Answer 4

mitosis

Question 5

In mitosis, once separated, individual chromatids are called

Answer 5

chromosomes

Question 6

In this phase, centromeres uniting the chromatids split, the stage of mitosis it

Answer 6

anaphase

Question 7

Spindle fibers first appear during

Answer 7

prophase

Question 8

Homologous chromosomes separate during which phase of meiosis

Answer 8

anaphase I

Question 9

The exchange of genetic material between chromatids is called

Answer 9

Crossing-over

Question 10

In which stage of meiosis are duplicated chromosomes lined up single file?

Answer 10

only metaphase II

Question 11

During which stage of meiosis does crossing-over occur

Answer 11

prophase I

Question 12

Which of the following correctly shows how the chromosome number is changed during meiosis

Answer 12

2n to n

Question 13

A centromere is

Answer 13

the point of attachment for sister chromatids

Question 14

The second meiotic division is essentially mitosis, except that the resulting daughter cells are

Answer 14

haploid

Question 15

Following mitosis, a human cell

Answer 15

is both 2n and has 23 pairs of chromosomes

Question 16

The sperm and the egg are considered sex cells and also called

Answer 16

gametes

Question 17

DNA replication occurs during which phase

Answer 17

S

Question 18

Which of the following statements regarding sexual and asexual reproduction is true?
A) sexual reproduction typically includes the development of unfertilized eggs
B) only offspring from asexual reproduction inherit traits from two parents
C) cell division only occurs after sexual reproduction
D) sexual reproduction is more likely to increase genetic variation than is asexual reproduction

Answer 18

D, sexual reproduction is more likely to increase genetic variation than is asexual reproduction

Question 19

With the exception of identical twins, siblings who have the same two biological parents are likely to look similar, but not identical, to each other because they have

Answer 19

a similar but not identical combination of genes

Question 20

Looking into your microscope, you spot an unusual cell. Instead of the typical rounded cell shape, the cell has a very narrow middle separating two bulging ends. It sort of looks like the number 8. You realize that this cell is

Answer 20

undergoing cytokinesis

Question 21

During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up on a plane equidistant from the two spindle poles

Answer 21

metaphase

Question 22

Which of the following is a feature of plant cell division that distinguishes it from animal cell division
A) formation of a cell plate
B) lack of cytokinesis
C) reduction in the number of chromosomes by 50%
D) production of four (rather than two) new cells per mitotic division
E) formation of a cleavage furrow

Answer 22

A, formation of a cell plate

Question 23

As a patch of scraped skin heals, the cells fill in the injured area but do not grow beyond that. this is an example of

Answer 23

density-dependent inhibition

Question 24

A benign tumor differs from a malignant tumor in that a benign tumor

Answer 24

does not metastasize

Question 25

Which of the following shows the greatest promise as a cancer chemotherapy agent

Answer 25

a drug that prevents the mitotic spindle from forming