Chapter 4 Flashcards
Light Microscopes
Use light and glass lenses to magnify an image
A scientist wants to examine living cells lining the respiratory tract to determine how the cells use tiny hairs to move dirt and mucus away from the lungs. Which of the following instruments would be best, and why?
A) a light microscope, because it allows observations of whole, live cells
B) a scanning electron microscope, because it can be used to observe whole cells without slicing them
C) a scanning electron microscope, because it can reveal structures on cell surfaces
D) a transmission electron microscope, because it has high resolution
A) a light microscope, because it allows observation of whole, live cells
Which of the following statements about cells is TRUE?
A) Actually, these are all true statements
B) All cells are attached to other cells
C) All cells have cell walls
D) All cells have internal structures that move
E) All cells are motile
D, All cells have internal structures that move
All of the following may be found in a prokaryotic cell EXCEPT _____
A) ribosomes
B) a cell wall
C) endoplasmic reticulum
D) a plasma membrane
C, endoplasmic reticulum
Which structure is common to plant and animal cells?
mitochondrion
Insulin is a protein that is produced by pancreatic cells and secreted into the bloodstream. Which of the following options correctly lists the order of the structures through which insulin passes from its production to its exit from the cell?
A) rough ER, lysosomes, transport vesicles, cell membrane
B) rough ER, transport vesicles, Golgi apparatus, transport vesicles, cell membrane
C) rough ER, Golgi apparatus, smooth ER, cell membrane
D) rough ER, transport vesicles, Golgi apparatus, vacuole, cell membrane
B, rough ER, transport vesicles, Golgi apparatus, transport vesicles, cell membrane
Suppose a cell contains the following molecules and structures: enzymes, DNA, ribosomes, plasma membrane, and mitochondria. It could be a cell from _____
nearly any eukaryotic organism
The endosymbiont hypothesis is supported by all of the following pieces of evidence EXCEPT the fact that:
A) chloroplasts have ribosomes like prokaryotes
B) mitochondria have circular DNA like prokaryotes
C) chloroplasts reproduce through a splitting process like certain prokaryotes
D) mitochondria lack ribosomes like prokaryotes
D, mitochondria lack ribosomes like prokaryotes
Which of the following statements regarding cells is FALSE?
A) all cells can interconvert forms of energy
B) all cells have DNA as their genetic material
C) all cells have a cell wall
D) all cells are enclosed in a membrane that maintains internal conditions different from the surroundings
C, all cells have a cell wall
Plant cells differ from animal cells in that plant cells have
a central vacuole
Most animal cells are
embedded in an extracellular matrix
The skin is the body’s largest organ. It’s made up of many different types of cells. Oils, produced by the sebaceous glands, prevent the skin from drying and splitting. The protein melanin, produced by melanocytes in the epidermis, protects the skin from the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation. Sweet, released through ducts to the skin surface, helps to cool the body. The types of cells that produce these compounds have different numbers of specific organelles, depending on their function.
Based on their function, you would expect melanocytes in the skin to have higher than usual number of
ribosomes
The skin is the body’s largest organ. It’s made up of many different types of cells. Oils, produced by the sebaceous glands, prevent the skin from drying and splitting. The protein melanin, produced by melanocytes in the epidermis, protects the skin from the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation. Sweat, released through ducts to the skin surface, helps to cool the body. The types of cells that produce these compounds have different numbers of specific organelles, depending on their function.
The skin is the body’s largest organ. It’s made up of many different types of cells. Oils, produced by the sebaceous glands, prevent the skin from drying and splitting. The protein melanin, produced by melanocytes in the epidermis, protects the skin from the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation. Sweat, released through ducts to the skin surface, helps to cool the body. The types of cells that produce these compounds have different numbers of specific organelles, depending on their function.
The skin is the body’s largest organ. It’s made up of many different types of cells. Oils, produced by the sebaceous glands, prevent the skin from drying and splitting. The protein melanin, produced by melanocytes in the epidermis, protects the skin from the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation. Sweat, released through ducts to the skin surface, helps to cool the body. The types of cells that produce these compounds have different numbers of specific organelles, depending on their function.
