Chapter 12 Flashcards
Which of the following is the best definition of biotechnology?
A) The use of living organisms to make desired products
B) The development of recombinant DNA technology
C) The use of microorganisms in sewage treatment
D) The curing of diseases
E) Bacterial production of foods
A, The use of living organisms to make desired products
Manufacturing recombinant DNA molecules involve cutting a gene from its normal location, inserting it into a circular piece of DNA from a bacterial cell, and then transferring the circle of DNA to cells of another species. Which of the below describes the circular Piece of DNA from a bacterial cell?
A) ligase
B) vector
C) bacteriophage
D) restriction enzyme
E) plasmid
E, Plasmid
When DNA from two sources is combined into one single piece of DNA, it is known as
Recombinant DNA
Which of the following tools of DNA technology is incorrectly paired with its use?
A) DNA polymerase-used to PCR to amplify (copy) sections of DNA
B) Plasmid DNA-can be fused to human genes and inserted into bacteria
C) electrophoresis-separation of DNA fragments
D) DNA ligase-cutting DNA, creating sticky ends
D, DNA ligase-cutting DNA, creating sticky ends
The production of multiple identical copies of gene-sized pieces of DNA defines
gene cloning
The reason for using taq DNA polymerase for PCR is that
It is heat stable and can withstand the heating step of PCR
Which of the following is in the correct order for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?
A) anneal primers; denature DNA; extend primers
B) Denature DNA; add fresh enzyme; anneal primers; add dNTPs; extend primers
C) Denature DNA; anneal primers; extend primers
E) Extend primers; anneal primers; denature DNA
C, Denature DNA; anneal primers; extend primers
A transgenic animal is
an animal containing a gene from another organism, typically of another species
Which of the following has NOT been a significant issue in the creation of genetically modified (GM) organisms?
A) the fact that rouge microbes might transfer dangerous genes into other organisms
B) the fact that the protein products of transplanted genes might lead to allergic reactions
C) the fact that GM organisms cannot be modified to prevent them from reproducing once they pass beyond the experimental stage
E) the fact that some plants carrying genes from other species might represent a threat to the environment
C, the fact that GM organisms cannot be modified to prevent them from reproducing once they pass beyond the experimental stage
Genetically modifying _______ cells may directly affect future generation
gamete-forming
To identify an individual by DNA analysis of their blood, investigators look for
DNA fingerprings
Recombinant DNA techniques have successfully transferred genes from eukaryotic cells into
A) plants
B) none of the above
C) bacteria
D) all of the above
E) animals
All of the above
DNA fragments may be separated by size using
agarose gel electrophoresis
what is ethidium bromide?
dye
Why do scientists load DNA of known sizes into the agarose gel?
it makes it easier to determine sizes of unknowns using comparison techiques
