Chapter 8 Flashcards
Catabolism is
A cellular process . Larger molecules to smaller
Anabolic pathways do what
consume energy to build polymers from monomers
First law of thermodynamics
Energy cant be created or destroyed
When happens when energy is transformed
Entropy in the universe increases
Second law of thermodynamics
Entropy increases when energy is transferred or transformed
Potentional energy is
Chemical. waiting to be released
G=
Free energy
H=
Total energy
S=
Entropy
T=
Temperature
Formula
G=H-TS
Energy coupling/Energy cycle needs ATP bc
it provides the energy between exergonic and endergonic reactions
ATP phosphates
3 phospates
ADP phosphates
2 phospates
RNA phosphates
1 phosphate
Energy coupling/Energy cycle is
The transfer of free energy from catabolic or anabolic pathways
ATP releases energy and during this
it releases inorganic phosphates which can activate other molecules
What do enzymes do
Increase rate of chemical reaction
Thermodynamic barrier AKA
Activation energy
A thermodynamic barrier has to
be overcame to allow reacants to do stuff
Cause of expected reaction not working
Thermodynamic barrier cant be overcome
In induced fit model
Binding the substrate changes the enzyme active site
Enzymes speed up reactions because
They lower the amount of activation energy needed
Increased temperature can have serious consequence because
it can change the folding of enzyme and therefore their function
Competitive inhibitors
Prevents an effect
Noncompetitive inhibitors does
the opposite of an enzyme (Decreases rate)
ATP and ADP cycle
ATP stores energy for cellular work, it is used, phosphate is lost creating ADP, then phosphate is picked
back up creating ATP and the cycle continues
Endergonic reaction
positive energy moving into system
Catabolic pathways release energy by
breaking bonds
Anabolic pathways do what with energy
Consume/take in
Exergonic reactions
lose/ use energy
Endergonic reactions
move energy into a system
