chapter 8 Flashcards
memory definition
encoding, storing, and retrieving information
different types of encoding
sematic- meaning/understanding
visual- how you see and remember it
acoustic- remember by how it sounds
sensory memory
unlimited capacity but information disappears quickly
short-term memory
what you think in the moment
has limited capacity and short deration because you can only thing about so many things
long-term memory
unlimited capacity and time span
Identify Cocktail Party Phenomenon and Inattentional Blindness
Cocktail Party Phenomenon - hear name but arent paying attention
Inattentional Blindness- so focused on one thing you dont remember the other thing
Understand Method of Encoding in Short Term and Long-Term Memory
short-term: Dual coding
long-term: mostly by meaning
Understand Serial Position Effect
memory is affected by the position of information in a sequence. (primacy-first nd recency- last)
Identify Types of Long-Term Memory
explicit (on purpose): sematic (facts, figures) episodic recollection of personal experience)
implicit (not concious): procedural (muscle memory) and emotional (certain places cause emotions)
Understand Difference in Recall, Recognition, and Relearning Tasks
recall- think of something ex.word response test
recognition- pick amongst questions ex. multiple choice test
relearning- already learned something = easier to re-learn again
Identify Areas in Brain Responsible for Memory
hippocampus- memory sticks
cerebellum- muscle memory
amygdala- emotional memory
prefrontal cortex- executive/ oversees
Explain Reasons for Forgetting, Including Types of Amnesia and Interference
amnesia- anterograde (new learning) and retrograde (loss of info. before accident)
encoding failure- wernt paying attention
decay- lack of use
absent mindedness- thinking of other things
blocking- try not to remember on purpose
interreference- proactive and retroactive
Understand Reasons for False Memories
bias
suggestabilty and eyewitness misidentification
misinformation effect
recovered or repressed memories
Explain Issues with Eyewitness Memories and Recovered/Repressed Memories
eyewitness- dont recall memories correctly
recovered/repressed- dont remember them correctly
Describe Strategies to Enhance Memory
chunking- taking chunck of info and putting into groups
elaborative rehearsal- connecting info to what you already know
mnemonics- acronyms
distributed pratice- not doing it all at once
focused attention
avoid interference
