Chapter 7.1 Notecards Reagan Winter

Question 1

Epiphysis

Answer 1

The expanded portion at the end of a long bone, which articulates (forms a joint) with another bone.

Question 2

Articular cartilage

Answer 2

The articulating portion of the epiphysis is coated with a layer of hyaline cartilage.

Question 3

Diaphysis

Answer 3

The shaft of the bone, which is located between the epiphyses.

Question 4

Periosteum

Answer 4

A tough, vascular covering of fibrous tissue.

Question 5

Compact bone

Answer 5

Tightly packed tissue, or cortical bone.

Question 6

Spongy bone

Answer 6

(Cancellous bone), porous, therefore weaker than compact bone. It holds most of the body’s red bone marrow. The bone resembles a sponge.

Question 7

Medullary cavity

Answer 7

Hollow chamber in the middle of some bones.

Question 8

Endosteum

Answer 8

A thin layer of cells.

Question 9

Marrow

Answer 9

A specialized type of soft connective tissue.

Question 10

Osteocytes

Answer 10

Bone cells.

Question 11

Intramembraneous bones

Answer 11

The broad flat bones of the skull.

Question 12

Osteoblasts

Answer 12

Primitive connective tissue cells enlarged and differentiated into bone forming cells.

Question 13

Endochondral bones

Answer 13

Most of the bones of the skeleton develop from masses of hyaline cartilage shaped like future bony structures.

Question 14

Epiphyseal plate

Answer 14

A band of cartilage.

Question 15

Osteoclasts

Answer 15

Multinucleated cells

Question 16

Levers

Answer 16

When limbs or body parts move, bones and muscles interact as simple mechanical devices.

Question 17

Hematopoiesis

Answer 17

Blood cell formation

Question 18

Hemoglobin

Answer 18

Red, oxygen-carrying pigment.