Chapter 7 - Ventilation, Perfusion, and Shock: Understanding Pathophysiology Flashcards
The process of converting glucose and other nutrients into the form of ATP is called:
metabolism.
Important chemicals in the body that separate into charged particles when dissolved in water are called:
electrolytes.
The process of metabolism that uses oxygen is called:
aerobic metabolism.
The fraction of the concentration of oxygen in the air that people breathe is called:
FiO2
An airway that is open to allow air to move in and out is called:
patent.
The volume of air that is moved in and out during one breathing cycle is called:
tidal volume.
The air inside the space between the mouth and the lungs is called the:
dead air space.
Specific receptors in the brain and vessels that register oxygen and carbon dioxide levels are called:
chemoreceptors.
The force exerted by proteins in the blood that tends to attract water away from the area around the body cells and pulls it toward the bloodstream is called:
plasma oncotic pressure.
Pressure created inside the blood vessels that pushes fluid out of the vessels is called:
hydrostatic pressure.
Specialized cells that measure the pressure inside blood vessels are called:
stretch receptors.
The amount of blood that returns to the heart prior to contraction is called:
preload.
The amount of blood moved by the heart in one minute is called:
cardiac output.
Hypoperfusion is another name for:
shock.
An exaggerated response by the immune system to a particular substance is called:
hypersensitivity.
__________ __________ is the use of oxygen to break down sugar to make ATP.
Aerobic metabolism
__________ are receptors in the brain and vessels that measure the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Chemoreceptors
__________ is the definition of shock.
Shock
The amount of air moved by the lungs in one minute is called the ___________ _________.
minute volume
__________ is the degree to which fluid and substances can pass through the capillary walls.
Permeability
Afterload is a function of __________ __________ __________ .
systemic vascular resistance
Cardiac output is defined as __________ __________ times __________ __________.
stroke volume, heart rate
Fluids reside in the body in the __________ __________ and __________ spacces.
intravascular, intracellular, interstitial
The force of the contraction of the heart is known as __________
contractility
When either perfusion or ventilation is not adequate to supply the body, it is called a __________ __________.
V /Q mismatch
An abnormal decrease in the total amount of water in the body is called __________
dehydration
Swelling associated with the movement of water is called __________
edema
The most common digestive disorders are __________ and __________.
nausea; vomiting
Hypersensitivity is more commonly known as a(n) __________ __________.
allergic reaction
The __________ __________ __________ plays a major role in the regulation of the dilation and constriction of blood vessels.
autonomic nervous system
T/F: Hyperperfusion is synonymous with shock.
False
T/F: Preload is a function of systemic vascular resistance.
False
T/F: Dead air space is the air found at the bottom of the lungs
False
T/F: Tidal volume is the amount of air moved in one minute.
False
T/F: The concentration of oxygen in the air that a person breathes in is called the fraction of inspired oxygen.
True
T/F: Contractility refers to the force of the contraction of the heart.
True
T/F: Seventy percent of the water in the body is found in the interstitial space.
False
T/F: An allergic reaction to a substance is also known as hypersensitivity.
True
T/F: Swelling caused by the accumulation of fluid where it should not be is called
dehydration.
False
T/F: The body metabolizes sugar to produce chemoreceptors.
False
