Chapter 6 - Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards
When the body cannot get enough oxygen, it makes ATP via:
anaerobic metabolism.
The principal organ of the renal system is the:
kidney.
The organ that produces eggs in a female is the:
ovary.
This division (region) of the spinal column is subject to injury because it is NOT supported by another part of the skeleton:
lumbar
The pelvis is commonly referred to as the:
hip
The scapula and acromion are parts of the:
shoulder.
Inferiorly, the knee connects with the:
tibia and fibula.
The body contains how many different types of muscle?
Three
After inhaled air goes through the larynx, the NEXT part of the respiratory system the air passes as it moves to the lungs is the:
trachea.
The chamber that pumps oxygen-rich blood out of the heart for distribution to the rest of the body is the:
left ventricle.
The largest artery in the body is the:
aorta.
The organ that produces sperm is the:
testes.
The blood vessels where gases, nutrients, and waste products are exchanged between the body’s cells and the bloodstream are the:
capillaries.
The component of the blood that has a primary function of carrying oxygen to tissue is:
red blood cells.
The pressure created in the arteries when blood is forced out of the heart is referred to as:
systolic.
The adequate supply of oxygen and nutrients to the organs and tissues of the body is called:
perfusion.
The central nervous system is made up of the brain and the:
spinal cord.
The substance that regulates acidity and is produced by the kidneys is called:
bicarbonate.
The endocrine system produces chemicals called:
hormones.
Body functions such as digestion and heart rate are controlled by the:
autonomic nervous system.
When oxygen is used to break down glucose, it is called __________ metabolism.
aerobic
Bones are connected to bones by __________, while muscles are connected to bones by __________.
ligaments; tendons
The kidneys filter out a waste product called __________.
urea
The spinal column is made up of __________.
33 vertebrae
The __________ __________ contains the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels.
thoracic cavity
The __________ __________ consists of the acetabulum and the ball at the head of the femur.
hip joint
The elbow is an example of a(n) __________ joint.
hinge
The property that allows the heart to generate and conduct electrical impulses on its own is__________.
automaticity
During respiration, gas exchange with the bloodstream takes place in the small sacs called __________.
alveoli
The passive section of the respiratory cycle in which the intercostal muscles and diaphragm relax is known as __________.
exhalation
The respiratory anatomy of infants and children differs from that of adults in that the __________ is narrower, softer, and more flexible.
trachea
Because the chest walls of infants and children are softer, they rely more on the __________ for breathing.
diaphragm
The upper chambers of the heart are the __________, while the lower chambers are the __________.
atria; ventricles
The __________ __________ carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.
pulmonary vein
The membrane-enclosed fragments of specialized cells that release chemical factors needed to form blood clots are __________.
platelets
When the left ventricle of the heart is relaxing and refilling, the pressure remaining in the arteries is the __________ blood pressure.
diastolic
__________ and __________ are the names for the organs that produce sperm and eggs respectively.
Testes; ovaries
The peripheral nervous system is made up of __________ nerves and__________ nerves.
sensory; motor
The layers of the skin are the __________, the __________,and the __________ __________.
epidermis; dermis; subcutaneous
The __________ __________ produces chemicals called hormones that help to regulate many body activities and functions.
endocrine system
T/F: The whiplash often accompanying car accidents poses a special danger to the sacral spine.
False
T/F: The ulna is the inner and larger bone of the lower leg.
False
T/F: The heart muscle has its own blood supply through the coronary artery system.
True
T/F: The cricoid cartilage forms the lower portion of the trachea.
False
T/F: The left ventricle is the strongest and most muscular part of the heart
True
T/F: The cardiac conduction system delivers waste gases to the lungs, where they can be expelled from the body.
False
T/F: The femoral artery is the main source of blood supply to the upper arm.
False
T/F: The primary function of the red blood cells is to carry oxygen to the tissues
and carbon dioxide away from the tissues.
True
T/F: In a blood pressure reading of 120/80, the 120 refers to the diastolic pressure while the 80 refers to the systolic pressure .
False
T/F: Perfusion is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate treatment.
False
T/F: The skin plays an important part in regulating the body’s temperature.
True
T/F: The epidermis contains no blood vessels or nerves.
True
T/F: The endocrine system secretes epinephrine, which is critical to the body’s use of glucose.
False
