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EMT > Chapter 6 - Anatomy and Physiology > Flashcards

Chapter 6 - Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

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1
Q

When the body cannot get enough oxygen, it makes ATP via:

A

anaerobic metabolism.

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2
Q

The principal organ of the renal system is the:

A

kidney.

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3
Q

The organ that produces eggs in a female is the:

A

ovary.

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4
Q

This division (region) of the spinal column is subject to injury because it is NOT supported by another part of the skeleton:

A

lumbar

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5
Q

The pelvis is commonly referred to as the:

A

hip

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6
Q

The scapula and acromion are parts of the:

A

shoulder.

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7
Q

Inferiorly, the knee connects with the:

A

tibia and fibula.

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8
Q

The body contains how many different types of muscle?

A

Three

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9
Q

After inhaled air goes through the larynx, the NEXT part of the respiratory system the air passes as it moves to the lungs is the:

A

trachea.

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10
Q

The chamber that pumps oxygen-rich blood out of the heart for distribution to the rest of the body is the:

A

left ventricle.

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11
Q

The largest artery in the body is the:

A

aorta.

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12
Q

The organ that produces sperm is the:

A

testes.

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13
Q

The blood vessels where gases, nutrients, and waste products are exchanged between the body’s cells and the bloodstream are the:

A

capillaries.

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14
Q

The component of the blood that has a primary function of carrying oxygen to tissue is:

A

red blood cells.

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15
Q

The pressure created in the arteries when blood is forced out of the heart is referred to as:

A

systolic.

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16
Q

The adequate supply of oxygen and nutrients to the organs and tissues of the body is called:

A

perfusion.

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17
Q

The central nervous system is made up of the brain and the:

A

spinal cord.

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18
Q

The substance that regulates acidity and is produced by the kidneys is called:

A

bicarbonate.

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19
Q

The endocrine system produces chemicals called:

A

hormones.

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20
Q

Body functions such as digestion and heart rate are controlled by the:

A

autonomic nervous system.

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21
Q

When oxygen is used to break down glucose, it is called __________ metabolism.

A

aerobic

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22
Q

Bones are connected to bones by __________, while muscles are connected to bones by __________.

A

ligaments; tendons

23
Q

The kidneys filter out a waste product called __________.

A

urea

24
Q

The spinal column is made up of __________.

A

33 vertebrae

25
Q

The __________ __________ contains the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels.

A

thoracic cavity

26
Q

The __________ __________ consists of the acetabulum and the ball at the head of the femur.

A

hip joint

27
Q

The elbow is an example of a(n) __________ joint.

A

hinge

28
Q

The property that allows the heart to generate and conduct electrical impulses on its own is__________.

A

automaticity

29
Q

During respiration, gas exchange with the bloodstream takes place in the small sacs called __________.

A

alveoli

30
Q

The passive section of the respiratory cycle in which the intercostal muscles and diaphragm relax is known as __________.

A

exhalation

31
Q

The respiratory anatomy of infants and children differs from that of adults in that the __________ is narrower, softer, and more flexible.

A

trachea

32
Q

Because the chest walls of infants and children are softer, they rely more on the __________ for breathing.

A

diaphragm

33
Q

The upper chambers of the heart are the __________, while the lower chambers are the __________.

A

atria; ventricles

34
Q

The __________ __________ carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.

A

pulmonary vein

35
Q

The membrane-enclosed fragments of specialized cells that release chemical factors needed to form blood clots are __________.

A

platelets

36
Q

When the left ventricle of the heart is relaxing and refilling, the pressure remaining in the arteries is the __________ blood pressure.

A

diastolic

37
Q

__________ and __________ are the names for the organs that produce sperm and eggs respectively.

A

Testes; ovaries

38
Q

The peripheral nervous system is made up of __________ nerves and__________ nerves.

A

sensory; motor

39
Q

The layers of the skin are the __________, the __________,and the __________ __________.

A

epidermis; dermis; subcutaneous

40
Q

The __________ __________ produces chemicals called hormones that help to regulate many body activities and functions.

A

endocrine system

41
Q

T/F: The whiplash often accompanying car accidents poses a special danger to the sacral spine.

A

False

42
Q

T/F: The ulna is the inner and larger bone of the lower leg.

A

False

43
Q

T/F: The heart muscle has its own blood supply through the coronary artery system.

A

True

44
Q

T/F: The cricoid cartilage forms the lower portion of the trachea.

A

False

45
Q

T/F: The left ventricle is the strongest and most muscular part of the heart

A

True

46
Q

T/F: The cardiac conduction system delivers waste gases to the lungs, where they can be expelled from the body.

A

False

47
Q

T/F: The femoral artery is the main source of blood supply to the upper arm.

A

False

48
Q

T/F: The primary function of the red blood cells is to carry oxygen to the tissues
and carbon dioxide away from the tissues.

A

True

49
Q

T/F: In a blood pressure reading of 120/80, the 120 refers to the diastolic pressure while the 80 refers to the systolic pressure .

A

False

50
Q

T/F: Perfusion is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate treatment.

A

False

51
Q

T/F: The skin plays an important part in regulating the body’s temperature.

A

True

52
Q

T/F: The epidermis contains no blood vessels or nerves.

A

True

53
Q

T/F: The endocrine system secretes epinephrine, which is critical to the body’s use of glucose.

A

False

EMT (11 decks)

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