Chapter 10 - Respiration and Artificial Ventilation

Question 1

The reduction of breathing to the point where oxygen intake is inadequate to support life is called:

Answer 1

respiratory failure.

Question 2

Signs of inadequate breathing include:
Choices:
A. wheezing, crowing, or gurgling noises.
B. cyanosis of the lips, ear lobes, or nail beds.
C. the patient being unable to speak in full sentences.
D. all of the above.

Answer 2

all of the above.

Question 3

A 45-year-old is suffering from an acute asthma attack. You expect the patient to have:

Answer 3

decreased tidal volume.

Question 4

Which of the following methods for providing ventilatory assistance is considered most effective?
Choices:
A. Two-person bag-valve mask technique with high-flow supplemental oxygen
B. Mouth-to-mouth using oxygen
C. One-person bag-valve mask technique
D. Pocket face mask without oxygen

Answer 4

A. Two-person bag-valve mask technique with high-flow supplemental oxygen

Question 5

Signs of inadequate artificial ventilation of an adult patient include:
Choices:
A. a heart rate that returns to normal.
B. failure of the patient’s skin color to improve.
C. the patient’s chest rising and falling with each ventilation.
D. a ventilation rate of approximately 12 per minute.

Answer 5

B. failure of the patient’s skin color to improve.

Question 6

If oxygen is connected to a pocket face mask, the setting on the oxygen tank regulator should be set to:

Answer 6

15 lpm.

Question 7

What device on a bag-valve mask may prevent adequate ventilation?

Answer 7

A pop-off valve

Question 8

A potential complication of ventilating the patient with a bag-valve mask is:

Answer 8

gastric distension.

Question 9

Patient conditions that may require supplemental oxygen include:
A. shock.
B. head injury. 
C. broken bones.
D. all of the above.

Answer 9

D. all of the above.

Question 10

A nasal cannula should be used to deliver oxygen to a patient who:

Answer 10

will not tolerate a nonrebreather mask.

Question 11

Safety is of prime importance when working with oxygen; which of the following is therefore true?
Choices:
A. A gasket is not required when connecting the valve to the tank.
B. It is best to open the valve just enough to allow the oxygen to flow.
C. Always store reserve oxygen tanks in a cool and ventilated place.
D. Grease and oil can be used on the valve when attaching it to the tank.

Answer 11

C. Always store reserve oxygen tanks in a cool and ventilated place.

Question 12

Oxygen cylinder sizes vary, but all are considered “full” when pressure is equal to:

Answer 12

2,000 psi.

Question 13

An insufficiency in the supply of oxygen to the body’s tissues is called:

Answer 13

hypoxia.

Question 14

A person exhibiting signs of inadequate breathing is at risk of going into ___________ ___________ .

Answer 14

respiratory failure

Question 15

___________ ___________ is the reduction of breathing to the point where oxygen intake is not sufficient to support life; when breathing stops completely, the patient is in ___________ ___________ .

Answer 15

Respiratory failure; respiratory arrest

Question 16

To determine the signs of adequate breathing, you should ___________ for chest expansion, __________ for air, and ___________ for air moving out of the nose and mouth.

Answer 16

look; listen; feel

Question 17

A blue or gray color to the patient’s skin or nail beds is called ___________ and is a sign of breathing difficulty.

Answer 17

cyanosis

Question 18

The most difficult part of delivering BVM artificial ventilations is obtaining an adequate ___________ ___________ .

Answer 18

mask seal

Question 19

___________ - ___________ ___________ are found on older BVMs and may prevent adequate ventilations.

Answer 19

Pop-off valves

Question 20

BVM systems with an ___________ reservoir can deliver approximately ___________ oxygen.

Answer 20

oxygen; 100%

Question 21

Venturi masks allow specific concentrations of oxygen by mixing oxygen with ___________ ___________ .

Answer 21

inhaled air

Question 22

A peak flow rate of 100 percent oxygen at up to 40 liters per minute, and an audible alarm
when the relief valve is activated are features of a(n) ___________ - ___________ , ___________ - ___________ ___________ .

Answer 22

flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation device

Question 23

Partial rebreather masks allow the patient to rebreathe about one-third of his ___________ ___________ .

Answer 23

exhaled air

Question 24

The body of a patient with COPD may use low blood oxygen as the factor to stimulate her
to breathe, a condition called ___________ ___________ .

Answer 24

hypoxic drive

Question 25

A(n) ___________ ___________ is the EMT’s best way to deliver high concentrations of oxygen to a breathing patient because it can provide concentrations of oxygen ranging from ___________ percent to ___________ percent.

Answer 25

nonrebreather mask; 80; 100

Question 26

Duration of flow from an oxygen cylinder is calculated by subtracting the safe residual pressure (200 psi) from the ___________ ___________ in psi, multiplying it times the constant (based on the size of the tank), then dividing by the ___________ ___________ .

Answer 26

gauge pressure; flow rate

Question 27

T/F: If a patient’s heart stops beating, breathing may continue for several minutes.

Answer 27

False

Question 28

T/F: When a patient’s breathing stops completely, the patient is in respiratory failure.

Answer 28

False

Question 29

T/F: Typical skin coloration is one sign of adequate breathing.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

T/F: Cyanosis is the term used to describe a blue or gray skin color.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

T/F: A nonrebreather mask with high-concentration oxygen is the best treatment for a nonbreathing patient

Answer 31

False

Question 32

T/F: Using a pocket face mask to ventilate a patient delivers a higher volume of oxygen than the bag-valve mask device with a reservoir.

Answer 32

False

Question 33

T/F: A “pop-off’ valve is an undesirable feature of some older bag-valve mask devices.

Answer 33

True

Question 34

T/F: Most BVMs have a standard 15/22 mm connection to properly fit face masks and endotracheal tubes.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

T/F: When using a BVM device, a mask seal can more easily be maintained when ventilations are performed by two rescuers.

Answer 35

True

Question 36

T/F: Nonbreathing adult patients should be ventilated at a rate of 10 to 12 times per minute.

Answer 36

True

Question 37

T/F: Using a pocket face mask with supplemental oxygen will deliver nearly 100 percent oxygen concentration to your patient.

Answer 37

False

Question 38

T/F: A pediatric-size BVM mask can be used to establish a seal around a stoma.

Answer 38

True

Question 39

T/F: Flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation devices may have an audible alarm when the relief valve is activated.

Answer 39

True

Question 40

T/F: An automatic transport ventilator is used to supplement a patient’s own weak respirations.

Answer 40

False

Question 41

T/F: Blind Insertion Airway Devices are safer than other airways because there is no risk of the airway’s becoming dislodged.

Answer 41

True

Question 42

T/F: When ventilating the patient with a bag-valve mask attached to an endotracheal tube, the EMT must always be conscious to observe and report any changes in the resistance felt when ventilating the patient.

Answer 42

True

Question 43

T/F: Supplemental oxygen is not generally considered a drug.

Answer 43

False