Chapter 7 - The Hungry Mind

Question 1

drive

Answer 1

internal state that arises in response to a need

Question 2

homeostasis

Answer 2

body’s need to maintain internal balance (temp, fluids)

Question 3

set points

Answer 3

value defined to maintain homeostasis
ex) temp = 98.6

Question 4

Maslow’s hierarchy

Answer 4

1. physiological
2. safety
3. love & belonging
4. esteem
5. self-actualization

Question 5

glucose

Answer 5

sugar that cells require for energy
- low glucose stimulates hunger

Question 6

insulin

Answer 6

hormone that lowers glucose & stores energy as fat
- rises & falls with glucose

Question 7

ghrelin

Answer 7

hunger-arousing hormone emitted by an empty stomach

Question 8

leptin

Answer 8

hormone secreted by fat cells
- low levels stimulate hunger

Question 9

lateral hypothalamus

Answer 9

initiates eating behavior

Question 10

ventromedial hypothalamus

Answer 10

stops eating behavior once we reach satiety

Question 11

set point

Answer 11

genetically influenced weight range that you stay at when not trying to lose/gain weight
- varies 10% in either direction

Question 12

basal metabolism

Answer 12

rate at which body burns calories
- fixed number of fat cells
- heritability in twins = 40-70%

Question 13

anorexia nervosa

Answer 13

underweight by 10-15% of lowest healthy BMI
- restricting type = severe restriction in diet
- binge-purge type = periodic binges & purges, but stays underweight

Question 14

bulimia nervosa

Answer 14

bingeing 1000s of calories before purging
- maintain healthy body weight

Question 15

binge eating disorder

Answer 15

bingeing 1000s of calories without compensatory behavior
- male-female balance in diagnosis

Question 16

attachment theory

Answer 16

primary caregivers govern attachment style in adult love relationships

Question 17

attachment types

Answer 17

• secure: rarely jealous, no fear of abandonment
• anxious-ambivalent: agitated, worried about abandonment
• avoidant: distrusting, avoid closeness

Question 18

Imago theory

Answer 18

Harville Hendrix - we’re attracted to romantic partners who mirror our childhood experiences

Question 19

top four mate choices

Answer 19

1. mutual attraction/love
2. dependable
3. emotional stability
4. pleasing disposition

Question 20

sex motive

Answer 20

biological drive (not as central as food/water)
- separate function from romantic love
- linked to testosterone & estradiol

Question 21

romantic love

Answer 21

linked to vasopressin & oxytocin

Question 22

Masters & Johnson

Answer 22

sexual labs in 1960s
- mapped sex & orgasm physiology
- female & male sexuality = equal
- possible volunteer bias

Question 23

sexual response cycle

Answer 23

1. excitement
2. plateau
3. orgasm
4. resolution
5. refractory period (males only)

Question 24

Alfred Kinsey

Answer 24

1930s-50s: pioneering work in human sexuality
- people do “taboo” sexual behavior
- sexual orientation = continuum
- Kinsey Sexual Continuum

Question 25

sexual orientation

Answer 25

stable pattern of attraction to members of a particular sex 3 components: 1. behavior 2. attraction 3. identity