Chapter 7 Terms Flashcards
A band of warm winds that converge from both the North and the South converge at the equator, pushing air upward and causing copious rainfall.
intertropical convergence zone
The triangular Somali peninsula that juts out from northeastern Africa below the Red Sea and wraps around the Arabian Peninsula.
Horn of Africa
A band of arid grassland that runs east-west along the southern edge of the Sahara.
Sahel
Farming that provides food only for the farmer’s family and is usually done on small farms.
subsistence agriculture
The condition of stable access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food.
food security
The time (ideally a decade or more) during which an agricultural plot is allowed to rest and regrow a natural vegetation cover.
fallow period
Farming in which a single crop species is grown in a large field.
mono-crop agriculture
A way of life based on herding; practiced primarily on savannas, on desert margins, or in the mixture of grass and shrubs called open bush.
pastoralism
A meeting that divided Africa among European trading companies and colonial powers, establishing many boundaries that persist to this day.
1884 Berlin Conference
A system of laws mandating racial segregation in South Africa from 1948 until 1994.
apartheid
Raw materials that are traded, usually to other countries, for processing or manufacturing into more valuable goods.
kleptocracy
A language of trade.
lingua franca
A belief system in which spirits, including those of the deceased, are thought to exist everywhere and offer protection to those who pay their respects.
animism
