Chapter 1 Terms

Question 1

Focuses on how Earth’s physical processes work independently of humans. Landforms, plate tectonics, external landscape processes, climate.

Answer 1

physical geography

Question 2

How human life creates distinctive landscapes and regions of the world.

Answer 2

human geography

Question 3

A picture on a map that shows a large piece of the Earth.

Answer 3

small scale

Question 4

Runs laterally/horrizontally in lines across the Earth.

Answer 4

latitude

Question 5

Runs vertically from pole to pole on the Earth.

Answer 5

longitude

Question 6

Ways of showing the Earth as a flat image.

Answer 6

map projections

Question 7

Short-term, spatially limited expression of climate.

Answer 7

weather

Question 8

Large plates that compose the Earth’s surface.

Answer 8

plate tectonics

Question 9

Long-term balance of temperature and moisture; keeps weather patterns consistent over time.

Answer 9

climate

Question 10

Rain moving over a mountain range that causes a rain shadow.

Answer 10

orographic precipitation

Question 11

Arid or semi-arid region behind a mountain caused by orographic precipitation.

Answer 11

rain shadow

Question 12

Earth’s integrated physical and biological systems along with humans and their impacts.

Answer 12

biosphere

Question 13

Countries that have economies focused on the tertiary and quarternary sectors; generally provide adequate education, health care, and social services to their citizens.

Answer 13

more developed country

Question 14

Countries that have labor-intensive, low-wage, and often agricultural economies

Answer 14

less developed country

Question 15

The improvement of current standards of living in ways that will not jeopardize future generations.

Answer 15

sustainable development

Question 16

Global changes brought about by flows of money, resources, products, people, information, ideas, and more.

Answer 16

globalization

Question 17

Growth of cities.

Answer 17

urbanization

Question 18

All the ideas, materials, and institutions that people have invented for living on Earth not related to biological inheritence.

Answer 18

culture

Question 19

People who share a common ancestry, sense of common history, set of beliefs, way of life, technology, and usually a common geographic location or origin.

Answer 19

ethnic group

Question 20

A social or political construct based on characteristics such as skin color, hair texture, and face and body shape, but is of no biological significance.

Answer 20

race

Question 21

The science that supports analysis of mapping and business. Includes cartography, geodesy, photogrammetry, and statistical modeling.

Answer 21

geographic information science

Question 22

An image of a map that shows a small portion of the Earth.

Answer 22

large scale

Question 23

Extractive economic sector

Answer 23

primary economic sector

Question 24

Industrial economic sector

Answer 24

secondary economic sector

Question 25

Service economic sector

Answer 25

tertiary economic sector

Question 26

Knowledge-based pursuits economic sector

Answer 26

quarternary economic sector

Question 27

Computerized analytical systems that are used as tools in geographic information science.

Answer 27

geographic information systems