Chapter 7 - Targets Of Health Promotion In Australia

Question 1

Road safety

Answer 1

Relates to interventions put in place to reduce the risk of crashes, death and injury caused to individuals as a result of using roads.

Question 2

Interventions that have promoted road safety in Australia

Answer 2

• Government laws and policies
• TAC campaigns
• Road safety education - Victoria
• Driver Reviver
• P.A.R.T.Y program
• Black Spot program
• The Victorian Road Safety Strategy (2021-2030)

Question 3

Initiatives under the Closing the Gap policy

Answer 3

• Deadly Choices initiative - encourages healthy lifestyles among ATSI people and promote culturally appropriate healthcare care.
• Learn Earn Legend! - Provides mentoring and other support to young ATSI people on the importance of education, training and employment.
• The 2 Spirits program - Works to improve sexual health and wellbeing of ATSI.
• Tackling Indigenous Smoking (TIS) - Provides grants and education to assist local organisations in working towards reducing smoking rates among ATSI people.
• Aboriginal Quitline - Telephone counselling service for ATSI people wanting to quit smoking.
• Aboriginal Road to Good Health program - type 2 diabetes prevention program
• Feedin’ the Mob - a nutrition, physical activity and healthy lifestyle program
• Fitzroy Stars - football club in Melbourne that promotes healthy lifestyles and employment and education opportunities for Aboriginal people in Melbourne.

Question 4

Considerations used to evaluate the capacity of initiatives to promote Indigenous health and wellbeing

Answer 4

• improvements to health and wellbeing
• the number of participants taking part in the initiative
• feedback provided by participants
• action areas of the Ottawa charter are evident
• whether the initiative is culturally appropriate
• whether the program has taken the specific needs of the target group into account
• funding that has been provided to implement the initiative

Question 5

The Australian Dietary Guidlines help Australians to:

Answer 5

• Develop healthy dietary patterns
• Reduce the risk of developing a range of diet-related conditions
• Reduce the risk of developing chronic conditions

Question 6

The 5 Guidelines

Answer 6

1. To achieve and maintain a healthy weight, be physically active and choose amounts of nutritious foods and drinks to meet your energy needs.
   * Children and adolescents should eat sufficient nutritious foods to grow and develop normally. They should be physically active everyday and their growth should be regularly checked.
   * Older people should eat nutritious foods and keep physically active to help maintain muscle strength and a healthy weight.
2. Enjoy a wide variety of nutritious foods from the following five groups everyday and drink plenty of water
   * Vegetables and legumes/beans
   * Fruit
   * Lean meats and alternatives
   * Grain (cereal) foods
   * Dairy products and alternatives (reduced fat)
3. Limit intake of foods containing saturated fat, added salt, added sugars and alcohol.
   * Replace high fat foods containing mostly saturated fats with foods that contain mostly polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats like oils, spreads, nut butters/pastes and avocado.
   * If you choose to drinkn alcohol, limit intake. For women who are pregnant, planning a pregnancy or breastfeeding, not drinking alcohol is the safest option.
4. Encourage, support and promote breastfeeding.
   * Breast milk contains all of the nutritional requirements to support the growth and development of infants to around six months of age.
5. Care for your food; prepare and store it safely
   * Aims to reduce the risk of foodborne diseases in the community

Question 7

Australian Guide to Healthy Eating

Answer 7

The Australian Guide to Healthy Eating is a visual representation of Australian Dietary Guidelines 2 and 3, and is intended to be used by consumers to guide their food intake. The guide shows the proportion of foods that should be consumed from each of the five food groups, but doesn’t include serving numbers or sizes.

Question 8

Services and resources provided by Nutrition Australia that promote healthy eating

Answer 8

• Healthy Eating Advisory Service
• National Nutrition week
• The development of educational resources
• Nutrition seminars and workshops
• Webinars developed for health professionals to assist them in promiting healthy eating.
• Publication of recipes
• Healthy Eating Pyramid

Question 9

Challenges to changing one’s diet

Answer 9

• Personal preferences - taste preferences and past experiences
• Attitudes and beliefs
• Willpower - ability to resist short-term temptations in order to meet long-term goals
• Food security
• Time constraints and convenience
• Education, nutrition knowledge and cooking skills
• Family, culture, society and religion
• Food marketing and media
• Health and wellbeing factors - some people experiencing emotional and mental distress may use food as a coping mechanism to make themselves feel better. Until this relationship with food is addressed, such behaviour can impact on the ability of individuals to make changes to their dietary patterns.