Chapter 7: Systems and cells Flashcards
In this chapter: - you'll learn about cells as part of the basic systems of the body
[Keyword] Ecosystem
A dynamic, interactive, interconnected network of living things and the physical environment
[Keyword] Homeostasis
The state of balanced function in the body
[Keyword] Organ system
A group of organs coordinated around a specific function
What is the role of the Integumentary system?
It protects the body from outside damage and infection, from fluid loss and controls body temperature
The Integumentary system includes…
- skin
- hair
- nails
- sweat glands
What is the role of the Skeletal system?
It gives the body a rigid scaffold so that it can move, protects other tissues, produces blood cells, and stores minerals and fat
The Skeletal system includes…
- bones
- ligaments
- cartilage
What is the role of the Muscular system?
It moves us, moves blood through blood vessels, moves food through the intestines, and helps keep us warm
The Muscular system includes…
- skeletal muscles (attached to bones with tendons)
- cardiac muscles
- smooth muscles (part of arteries and veins, bladder, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, and more)
What is the role of the Nervous system?
It receives input from the environment through specialized sensory organs, synthesizes the information, and sends out electrochemical signals that trigger thoughts, emotions and involuntary activity
The Nervous system includes…
- brain
- spinal cord
- nerves
- sensory organs (eyes, ears, etc)
The role of the Endocrine system is…
facilitating communication between organs
The Endocrine system includes…
- hypothalamus
- pineal gland
- pituitary gland
- thyroid gland
- liver
- pancreas
- kidneys
- adrenal glands
- testes/ovaries
The role of the Circulatory system is…
to distribute water, electrolytes, oxygen, nutrients, hormones and enzymes, to regulate temperature and pH, and to collect carbon dioxide and other byproducts throughout the body
The Circulatory system includes…
- heart
- blood
- blood vessels
The role of the Immune system is…
to protect against pathogens, tumor cells, and other foreign invaders
The Immune system includes…
- thymus
- lymph nodes
- spleen
- tonsils
- white blood cells (leukocytes)
The role of the Lymphatic system is…
to drain tissue fluid (lymph) and bring it back to the heart, to slow the spread of infection and to transport absorbed fats from the intestine
The Lymphatic system includes…
- lymph
- lymph vessels
- lymph nodes
The role of the Respiratory system is…
to bring in oxygen and excrete carbon dioxide, and to regulate pH in the body
The Respiratory system includes…
- nasal cavity
- trachea
- lungs
- airways and gas exchange organs
The role of the Digestive system is…
to break down and absorb nutrients
The Digestive system includes…
- oral cavity
- esophagus
- stomach
- intestines
- liver
- gallbladder
- pancreas
- bile duct
The role of the Urinary system is…
to produce, store and eliminate excess water, salts and waste products
