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Undeleted > Chapter 7: Routes & Formulations > Flashcards

Chapter 7: Routes & Formulations Flashcards

0
Q

What are some buccal dosage forms

A

Tablets and solutions

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1
Q

what are some dosage forms for oral enteral routes

A

Tablets, capsules, bulk powders, solutions, suspensions, Exlixirs, syrups, emulsions,

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2
Q

What are some sublingual dosage forms

A

Tablets and lozenges

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3
Q

What are some rectal dosage forms

A

Solutions, ointments , and suppositories.

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4
Q

What are some intravenous, intramuscular, and intradermal dosage forms

A

Solutions, suspensions, and emulsions.

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5
Q

What are the enteral routes

A

Oral, Buccal, sublingual, rectal.

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6
Q

What are parented all routes

A

Intraocular, intranasal, inhalation, intravenous, intramuscular intradermal and dermal.

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7
Q

When are intramuscular routes usually given to patients

A

When they are unable to take them by oral administration

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8
Q

Which needles are used for IM injection

A

1 inch to 1.5 inches long

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9
Q

What size are IM injections

A

19 to 22 gauges

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10
Q

What are emulsions

A

Mixtures of two liquids generally oil and water, which are not miscible in each other.

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11
Q

What is the maximum amount of medication that can be injected subcutaneously

A

2 mL

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12
Q

How big are the needles in a subcutaneous injection

A

3/8 to 1 inch

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13
Q

What gauges is usually used for a subcutaneous injection

A

24 to 27 gauge

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14
Q

What is the pH in the stomach

A

1-2

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15
Q

What is the pH in the large intestine

A

7-8

16
Q

What is the pH in the small intestine

A

5-7

17
Q

Which form reaches the circulatory system faster solid or liquid dosage forms

A

Liquid

18
Q

What is a systematic effect

A

When the drug is introduced to the circulatory system

19
Q

How do modified release formulations work

A

The drug usually dissolves in the stomach but will continue to occur when the stomach empties into the intestine. Modified release formations extend the dissolution over a period of hours and provide a longer duration of effect compared to plain tablets

20
Q

What is infusion

A

The gradual intravenous injection of a volume of fluid into a patient

21
Q

Which injection generally results in a lower but longer-lasting blood concentrations

A

Intramuscular injections

22
Q

Injection use for both short-term and long-term therapies. Insulin is the most important drug routinely administered by this route.

A

Subcutaneous injections

23
Q

What are some intravenous sites

A

Antecubital area (in front of the elbow) , the back of the hand, and some of the larger veins in the foot.

24
Q

Where are intramuscular injection sites

A

Gluteal maximus (buttocks), deltoid (upper arm), and vastus lateralis (thigh) muscles

25
Q

Injections that involve small volumes that are injected into the top layer of the skin

A

Intradermal injections

26
Q

How does an Enteric Coated tablet work

A

Instead of dissolving in the stomach, That enteric-coating will not let the tablet disintegrate until it reaches the higher pHs of the intestine

27
Q

What is the best-known example for sublingual tablet formation

A

Nitroglycerin

28
Q

Drugs given by IM administration

A

Haloperidol , prochlorperazine, iron dextran , olanzapine , zeprasidone, trimethobenzamide, and metoclopramide

29
Q

Drugs given by SC administration

A

Insulins, heparin, enoxaparin, and serval vaccines.

30
Q

Drugs administered by intradermal injections

A

Diagnostic determinations, desensitization, or immunization

31
Q

What are some complications that can occur from using IV administration

A

Thrombus (blood clot), Phlebitis (inflammation of the vein), air emboli (when air gets in the vein), & particulate material (pieces of material that get in vein , I.e: glass, rubber..)

32
Q

How much product do Opthalmic ointment tubes hold

A

About 3.5 g

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