Chapter 7 - Resting Assessments & Anthropometric Measurements Flashcards
Traditional Physiological Assessments
- Identify areas of health/injury risk needing referral to medical professional
- Collect baseline data that can be used to create training program and for later comparison
- Educate client about their physical health in comparison to normative data.
- Motivate clients by helping them with realistic goals.
Assessments & Demotivation
Assessments may demotivate a client if they feel uncomfortable, intimidated, overwhelmed or embarrassed about their current physical condition and their inadequacies or fear of results.
Assessments to Consider
- Resting Vital Signs - HR, BP, weight, height
- Static posture and movement assessments
- Joint flexibility and muscle length
- Balance & core function
- Cardiorespiratory fitness
- Body composition & anthropometry
- Muscular fitness - endurance, strength
- Skilled related - agility, coordination, power, reactivity, speed, coordination
Conducting Assessments
- Provide instructions to client in advance - clothing, eating & hydration recommendations, avoid stimulants
- Obtain signed Informed Consent form detailing purposes, protocols, and risks. Allow client to ask questions.
- Organize all documentation for assessments, data sheets, assessment tables
- Communicate and demonstrate skills professionally, clearly, calmly, and confidently
- Exercise equipment should be calibrated and in working order
- Ensure proper environment - temperature, air flow, humidity, quiet, private
Auscultate definition
Using a stethoscope to hear the heartbeat. Stethoscope should be placed to the left of the clients sternum, just above or below the nipple
Resting Heart Rate (RHR) Factors to Consider
Fitness, fatigue, genetics, body composition, drugs, medication, alcohol, caffeine, stress. Typically fit people have lower RHR.
Heart Rate Classifications
Sinus Bradycardia (slow) - RHR <60 bpm Normal Sinus Rhythm - RHR 60-100 bpm Sinus Tachycardia (fast) - RHR >100 bpm
Average RHR for Men & Women
Men - 60-70 bpm
Women - 72-80 bpm (attributed to smaller heart chamber (less blood volume per beat) & lower hemoglobin levels (less oxygen per unit of blood)
Key Notes regarding RHR
- A rise in RHR may indicate overtraining syndrome
- Drugs & medications can affect RHR. (abstain for 12 hrs before taking RHR)
- Body position affects RHR - prone/supine better than standing or sitting
- Digestion increases RHR
- Environmental factors can affect RHR
- Psychological & emotional stress affects RHR.
- True RHR is measured in the morning before rising.
Palpation definition
Using fingers pressed on a pulse site to measure pulse
Blood Pressure Definition/Key Factors
- Outward force exerted by the blood on the vessel walls.
- Systolic (SBP) - pressure as the heart pumps blood via ventricular contraction. Larger number
- Diastolic (DBP) - pressure during the filling phase, between beats. Lower number
- BP should be measured at the same level as the heart
- Karotkoff sounds - sound that determines BP
- Clients with irregular BP should be referred to a Dr.
Blood Pressure Ranges
Normal - SPB <120mm/Hg and DBP <80mm/Hg
Elevated - SPB 120-129mm/Hg and DBP <80mm/Hg
Hypertension stage 1 - SPB 130-139mm/Hg and DBP 80-89mm/Hg
Hypertension stage 2 - SPB >=140mm/Hg and DBP >=90mm/Hg
Body Composition definition
The relative proportions of lean tissue and fat tissue.
Lean body mass - muscles, connective tissue, bones, blood, nervous tissue, skin and organs
Essential Body Fat definition
Body fat necessary for insulation, and thermoregulation, hormone production, cushioning of vital organs and maintenance of certain body functions
Men - 2-5%
Women - 10-13%
Adipose tissue definition
The remaining body fat that is not essential. Under skin is subcutaneous and inside body cavity is visceral fat
