Chapter 4 - Communication, Goal Setting & Teaching Techniques

Question 1

4 Stages of Client-Personal Trainer Relationship

Answer 1

1. Rapport - Build trust and respect
2. Investigation - Discuss clients health, fitness, and lifestyle, test results, Dr. info, client goals, exercise history
3. Planning - Design workout program w/client input
4. Action - begin workout. Teaching new motor skills.

Question 2

Rapport - Cultural Competence

Answer 2

The ability to communicate and work effectively with people from different cultures.

Question 3

Nonverbal Communication

Answer 3

Voice Quality
Eye Contact
Facial Expression
Hand Gestures
Body Position
Be aware of clients nonverbal communication as well as yours

Question 4

Professional Boundaries

Answer 4

When clients start talking about intimate issues personal trainers should keep their distance and work to redirect the conversation to more professional topics

Question 5

Motivational Interviewing - general definition

Answer 5

Designed to show supportive concern while challenging a clients current behavior. It employs a guiding style of communication emphasizing encouragement & support - rapport, helping the client find their own rationale for change (Change Talk).

Question 6

Importance Ruler

Answer 6

Choose a lifestyle change client wants to make. Rate the importance of a change. Ask client to explain why this number is not lower. (so they will talk about what makes them want to make this change)

Question 7

Motivation Interviewing - 4 components

Answer 7

1. Collaboration - Partnership and demonstrate that client is the expert on what they need
2. Acceptance - value clients inherent worth and potential, respect
3. Compassion - show care of clients best interests
4. Evocation - elicit clients own motivation

Question 8

Motivational Interviewing - OARS Communication

Answer 8

Open Ended Questions
Affirmations
Reflective Listening
Summarizing

Question 9

Planning - Goal Setting guidelines

Answer 9

Don't set too many goals
Avoid negative goals
Set short (3-6mo) & long term (>6mo) goals - process & performance
Include client in process
Revisit goals regularly

Question 10

Goal Setting Theory

Answer 10

Directed Attention
Mobilized Effort
Persistence
Strategy

Question 11

SMART Goals

Answer 11

Specific
Measurable
Attainable
Relevant
Time bound

Question 12

Self Monitoring

Answer 12

One of the most effective ways to support behavior change.

1. Increases client awareness - mirror to more objective view of clients behavior
2. Enhances client/PT communication as record is reviewed, discuss what it/isn’t working well.

Question 13

Stages of Learning

Answer 13

Cognitive - understanding a new skill, use “tell, show, do”
Associative - begin to master basics, need feedback to refine motor skill, but don’t overwhelm with too much feedback
Autonomous - client performs skill effectively and naturally, PT more observing and less teaching

Question 14

Extrinsic Feedback

Intrinsic Feedback

Answer 14

Extrinsic - reinforcement, error correcting, encouragement from PT, make it positive
Intrinsic - feedback provided by client based on their own sensory systems