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FIRE IFSTA > Chapter 7 Rescue & Extrication > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Rescue & Extrication Flashcards

1
Q

Rescue

A

Removal & treatment of vitims from natural elements, strucutal collapse and elevation differences.

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2
Q

Extrication

A

Removal & Treatment of victims who are trapped by some type or man-made machinery & equipment

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3
Q

Two objectives of search

A
  • Find vivtims ( searching for life)
  • Obtaining information about the extent of the fire.
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4
Q

Types of Search

A
  • Primary- rapid but thorough performed before or during fire suppression
  • Buddy system, 2 or more, forcible entry tools, search on the fire floor close to the fire and work away.
  • Secondary- After fire is under control, conducted by personnel other that the ones who did primary, very thorough
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5
Q

Multistory Building search

A

(Highest Priority) Most critical area is Fire floor, Floor directly above fire and top

  • then intervening floors
  • close doors to prevent fire spread
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6
Q

Door Marking system

A

Chaulk, Crayon, Tape, Door markers, Latch straps over door knob.

/ means being searched, X means search completed

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7
Q

Vitim Removal

A

Emergency moves, fire or danger of fire in immediate area, explosives or other hazards are involved, impossible to protect accident scence, impossible to gain access to other victims who need immediate care, Victim in cardiac arrest

Lifting improperly is one of the most common causes of injury to rescures

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8
Q

Types of victim removal

A
  • Cradle in arm cary- effective for carrying children or very small adults
  • Seat lift carry
  • Two or three person lift carry
  • Immobilizing a victim who is suspected of having a spinal injury requires 4 rescuers
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9
Q
A
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10
Q

Inverter

A

Set up transformer that converts a cehicles 12 or 24 volt DC current into 110 or 220 volt AC current.

When small power is needed

  • Advantages, fuel efficency, low or nonexistent noise
  • Disadvantages , limited power supply, limited mmobility from vehicle
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11
Q

Generators

A

Most common power source used (portable or Vechicle mounted)

PTO,Hydraulic, Propane, Gas or Diesel

110 or 220 volts

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12
Q

Portable Lights

Telescoping lights

A

300 to 1000 watts

500 to 1500 watts

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13
Q

Maintaining power plants & Lighting equipment

A

Inspect & run once a week, Check Gas & Oil after each use,

wear gloves with quartz bulbs “ hand oil can cause bulbs to explode”

Inspect spark plug, wires and carb weekly, change gas every 3 weeks

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14
Q

Four basic types of powered hydrauulic tools

A
  • Spreaders
  • Shears
  • Combination spreader/shears
  • Extension rams
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15
Q

Spreaders

A

Pushing or Pulling

  • upto 22,000 psi of force at tip
  • spread as much as 32”
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16
Q

Shears

A
  • upto 30,000 psi of cutting force
  • opening approximately 7”
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17
Q

Extension Rams

A

Pushing force about 15,000 psi with closing force about half that

  • Extend from 36” closed to nearly 63”
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18
Q

Manual Hyraulic tools

&

Disadvantages

A

Porta Power & Hydraulic Jack

Porta Power can operate in tight spaces (Time Consuming)

Hydraulic Jack (Lifts upto 20 tons)

19
Q

Non Hydraulic Jacks

A

“Considered hand tools”

Screw Jack- Bar screw Jack, Trench screw jacks

Rachet jacks “ Highlift” Lease stable

20
Q

Cribbing

A

Stailize objects, wedges for shims, solid straight, Free of flaws like knots and splits

2X4 & 4x4 (16”-18”)

Ends may be painted for easy ID or length

21
Q

Pneumatic Tools

A

(Air Powered)

Chisels also called pneumatic hammers or impact hamer 100 to 150 psi

22
Q

Lifting/Pulling tools

A

Tripod, Winches, Come alongs (1-10tons), Chains, Air bags & Block & Tackel

23
Q

3 Common Winches

A

Electric, Hydraulic, PTO

24
Q

Chain

A

Only allow steel chain of the correct size

Proof Coil chain also called common or hardware chain is not suitable

25
Q

Airbags and Types

A

Never stack more then 2 high or on metal hotter than 220 degrees

  • High Pressure 1” high 6”X6” to 36”x36” upto 20”
  • Low and Medium pressure bags are considerably larger lifts upto 6’
26
Q

Block and Tackle

A

Block is a wooden or metal frame with 1 or more pulleys called sheaves

Tackle is the assembly of ropes & blocks through which the line passes

27
Q
A
28
Q

Gaining access to vitims

3 ways

A

Door, window, Compromising the body of vehicle

29
Q

SRS & SIPS

Airbags

A

Supplemental Restraint System

Side Impact Protection Systems

-Airbags operate electrically or mechanically operate at 200mph

30
Q

Packaging

A

Means that wounds and fractures have been dressed and immobilized

31
Q

Types of glass

A

saftey (laminated) glass- Two sheets of glass bonded to a sheet of plastic “ windshields and some rear windows”

Tempered glass- side windows breaks into small cubes

32
Q

Types of Collapse

A
  • pancake
  • V-shaped
  • Lean-to
  • Cantilever
33
Q

Pancake

A

Upper floor & roof collapsing on the top of eachother (Leaves no voids)

34
Q

V-Shape

A

Floors or roofs fail in middle

Good chance of habitable void spaces

35
Q

Lean-to

A

One outer wall fails & other stays intact

36
Q
A
37
Q

Cantilever

A

One sidewall of multistory building collapses leaving the floors attached to & supported by the remaining sidewall

Good chance of habitable voids “Least Stable & Vulnerable to secondary collapse”

38
Q

Hazards involved in structual collapse

A
  • Environmental (utilities, atmopheric contamination, hazmat, darkness, temp, noise, fire, weather
  • Physical (wroking in and around piles of heavy irregulary shaped pieces, secondary collapse, confined space)
39
Q

Shoring

A

Stabilizing objects

40
Q

Tunneling

A

Removing smaller rubble & debris to create a path to a victim whose location is known

41
Q

Electrical hazards

A

Downed powerlines stay away the distance equal to one span between poles

42
Q

Water and Ice rescues

Rescue vs Recovery

A

Rescue- Victim stranded, floundering or submerged for a short period of time

Recovery- Submerged for long period of time most probably dead “recovr the body”

  • Water- Reach,Throw, Row,Go
  • Ice- Reach, Throw, Go
43
Q

Industrial Extrication

A

Most challenging situation firefighters will ever face

44
Q

Elevator Rescue

A

Most common stuck between floors

FIRE IFSTA (20 decks)

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