Chapter 7: Prejudice in Children Flashcards
Answer:
what does prejudice in children tell us about
Categorization is necessary for efficiency; children are learning categories
What is
Maime and Kenneth clarks doll study
Ask children which doll is good, bad or other wise
dolls are either black or white
Define:
evolutionary theory of prejudice
2 points
- through natural selection people have evolved a fear of strangers, expressed as prejudice, as a way of protecting themselves and their communities form possible harm by outsiders
- at least some of the cause of prejudice resides in our genetic make up
Answer:
what is the main idea of theory of cognitive development of prejudice
kid’s cognitive abilities increase with age
their changing abilities affect how they perceive others, including out group members
what is
Stage one
cognitive development of prejudice
- infants and toddlers
- prejudice is based on emotional responses to others and a focus on the self
- thinking is egocentric
List:
emotions associated with prejudice in stage 1
cognitive development of prejudice
- fear
- sadness
- disapproval
NOT anger/hostility
What is:
Stage 2
cognitive development of prejudice
- children develop understanding of social categories (initially focusing on differences)
- us vs them view of groups
- later also become aware of intergroup similarities
What is:
Stage 3
cognitive development of prejudice
- conceptual understanding develops
- categories are seen as permanent characteristic (category constancy)
- learn to individuate others
- individuation leads to decline in prejudice
List:
Social influences
6 points
- parents
- siblings
- peers
- extended family
- school/ religion/ neighborhood
- Media
Define:
Direct teaching
an individual is rewarded for behaving a certain way
Define:
observational learning
imitating behavior of a model
Define
vicarious learning
when a person sees someone being reinforced for their behavior, the child might mimic behavior that is reinforced
Answer:
How does most teaching children prejudice happen?
modeling and imitation of attitudes/ behaviors
Answer:
when does drop off of prejudice happen?
7-8 yrs old
Answer:
Why does drop off of prejudice occur?
3 points
- real change might be taking place
- pick up on societal cues that prejudice is bad
- develop motivation to control prejudice
Define:
desegregation
as it relates to schools
having different races in the school
this doesn’t mean integration
Define:
Integration
as it relates to school
no disparities between racial groups
list:
Conditions for integration
4 points
- in-groups and outgroups must have equal status in School
- groups must work together to achieve common goals
- students from different groups must be able to get to know each other
- school authorities must clearly support the the effort to improve intergroup relations
