Chapter 7: Practicing Democracy Flashcards
1
Q
President Washington’s Government
A
1789-1797
2
Q
Washington’s First Cabinet
A
Hamilton - Secretary of the Treasury
Jefferson- Secretary of State
Henry Knox- Secretary of War
Adams- VP
Edmund Randolph- Attorney General
3
Q
Report Relative to a provision for the support of public credit
A
- foundation of economic development of the new nation
- federal and state debt after the Revolutionary War showed that the new nation was not able to support itself financially, therefore they could not borrow money
- had to repay the loans they had taken out from the war to earn credit
4
Q
Hamilton’s Assumption Plan Goals
A
- pay state and national debt in full(war bonds)
- Raise revenue
- Convince southern states to accept plan
5
Q
Federalist
A
- led by Hamilton
- supported strong national government
- loose view of Constitution
- favors New England businessmen and merchants
6
Q
Democratic-Republicans
A
- led by Jefferson and Madison’
- supported the limited role of federal government
- Southerners, farmers, yeomen
- Strict interpretation of the Constitution
7
Q
The National Gazette
A
- Antifederalist newspaper created when political parties begin to form
- Philip Freneau
8
Q
The Gazette of the United States
A
- John Fenno
- Federalist newspaper
- created when political parties begin to form
9
Q
Bank of the United States
A
- the first federal bank, chartered in 1781, issued currency for the country and stabilized the economy
- modeled on the Bank of England, proposed by Hamilton after he resolved debt issue
- joint public-private venture, funded by private investors but helped to repay public debt
10
Q
Jefferson Against the Bank
A
- said it was against the Constitution
- only wealthy could invest in the bank, controlling the bank, thus controlling the government
- said state banks would collapse
- hurt the common man
- Strict Construction- not mentioned in the Constitution
11
Q
Hamilton’s Report on Manufactures
A
- his last major report
- a blueprint of the nation as Hamilton saw it
- he wanted a more complete economy
- saw farming as backbone but also wanted to support factories that would create finished goods and manufacture anything they needed
12
Q
Washington’s Change to the Military Leadership in the NW Territories
A
- removed Arthur St. Clair, appointed governor and major general, was relieved of his command and appointed General Henry Knox to create prof army of 5,000
- “Mad” Anthony Wayne replaces St. Clair
- built a new base called Fort Recovery at site of St. Clair’s defeat
13
Q
Battle of Fallen Timbers
A
- Final battle between Native Americans and Americans over NW territories
- Anthony Wayne will take the battle TO the Natives
- will defeat the confederation of Indian tribes whose leaders include Chief Blue Jacket of the Shawnees and Chief Little Turtle of Miamis
14
Q
Treaty of Grenville
A
- will end conflict over the NW Territory
- outcome: white settlers will occupy northwest, and 5 states will form
- natives agreed to cede land peacefully and end violence
15
Q
The Whisky Rebellion
A
- Western farmers rebel against tax on whiskey(sin tax), specifically many Scottish-Irish immigrants who join Democratic-Republican party
- through Washington’s negotiations and force, federal govt. proved its strength and authority
16
Q
Edmond Charles Genet
A
- ambassador from France during French Revolution who becomes a menace to Washington and fed. govt.
- encourages Americans to attack British ships and get involved in FR
17
Q
Genet Affair
A
- name of Genet’s entire meddling in Americans’ stance in the FR
- Washington orders recall to end it
18
Q
How did FR affect the building of political parties?
A
- Federalists join Britain’s side’
- Democratic-Republicans join France’s side
19
Q
Great Britain’s Orders in Council
A
- Britain declares ban on all American commerce with France, leading to economic disaster in US
- within 1 yr, 400 merchant sailors taken over
- “we can be pirates”
- caused by Washington’s neutrality and lack of support during FR
20
Q
The Jay Treaty
A
- to settle British aggression overseas
- Britain agrees to pay for damage since 1793, but not to ban neutral shipping with France or pay for earlier losses
- public opinion = not happy
21
Q
Pinckney’s Treaty
A
- to open Mississippi to American commerce
- Spanish extends American border and allows for American commerce down Mississippi and to use New Orleans
- public opinion = happy
22
Q
Washington’s Farewell Address
A
- warns against “baneful affects of the spirit of party”
- foreign influence is one of the most baneful foes of a republic
23
Q
The Election of 1796
A
- John Adams=President
- Jefferson=Vice President
- Adams with Federalists and Jefferson w Democratic-Republicans
24
Q
Wealth of Nations
A
- written by Adam Smith
- inspires Hamilton and provides many economic models and systems that Hamilton uses
