Chapter 7: Mood Disorders Flashcards
2 key emotions on a continuum:
Depression : Sad state, life seems dark and its challenges overwhelming
Mania: State of breathless euphoria or frenzied energy
Most people with mood disorder mostly suffer from:
- Depression
- Pattern is called: unipolar depression
- no history of mania. person returns to normal after depression has lifted.
what is bipolar disorder?
periods of mania that alternate with periods of depression
How common is unipolar depression?
7 % adults in the US suffer from severe unipolar depression
5% suffer from mild forms
17% of all adults experience unipolar depression at some time in their lives
male/female ratio (unipolar depression)
women twice as likely
26% women / 12% men
similar numbers in boys and girls
What is the recovery rate?
90% - within a year
50%- 6 weeks
some without treatment.
some experience another episode at some point
Diagnosing Unipolar Depression:
2 diagnosis to consider
Major depressive disorder
Persistant disorder
MAJOR Depressive Disorder Criteria
- ) 5 or more symptoms
lasts more than 2 weeks
severe: hallucinations/delusions
2.) no history of mania
Name some symptoms of MAJOR Depressive
- depressed mood most of the day
significant changes in weight gain/weight loss
insomnia/hypersonmia
reduced ability to think, concentrate
diminished interest or pleasure in activities most of day - significant distress or impairment
What is Bipolar Disorder?
experience both the lows of depression and highs of mania.
describe their lives as an emotional “roller coaster”
Reactive (exogenous) VS Endogenous Depression
external factors, situational VS internal, comes from within, negative thoughs
Two NT’s correlated to unipolar depression
serotonin and norepenephrine
“Dracula Hormone refers to:
The abnormal secretion of melotonin
emotional reactions are tied to
brain circuits
Brain anatomy:
there is DECREASED activity in what part of the brain when a person experiences unipolar depression
hippocampus
prefrontal cortex
Brain Anatomy;
There is INCREASED activity in what part of the brain when a person experiences unipolar depression:
amygdala
Brodman’s area is smaller and overactive
What physiological system suggest abnormal levels of cortisol?
THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
-hormone release
List Biological treatments for unipolar depression:
- anti-depressant drugs
2. Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
What are MAO inhibitors?
an anti-depressant drug that biochemically works by slowing down body’s MAO production
rise in NE
reduction of depressed symptoms
Risks of MAO inhibitors?
rise of blood pressure if one eats food with tryamine
anti-depressant drugs:
what are Tricyclics?
reduce depression by affecting NT re-uptake
block re-uptake, INCREASING NT activity in synapse
