Chapter 10: Substance- Related and Addictive Disorders

Question 1

What is a drug?

Answer 1

A substance, other than food, that effects our bodies or minds

Question 2

Substances may cause changes in

Answer 2

behavior, emotion or thought

Question 3

Intoxication may cause:

Answer 3

temporary state of poor judgement, mood changes, irritability, speech, coordination, hallucinosis (perceptual distortion)

Question 4

Examples of long-term problems of substance

Answer 4

pattern of behavior that can effect: work function, relationships, health,

substance dependence : advanced pattern where substance is the center of one’s life

physical dependence : tolerance, withdrawal

Question 5

Withdrawal symptoms of Alcohol:

Answer 5

physiological tolerance–> need to drink greater amounts to feel effect

delirium tremens: “the DT’s”

Question 6

Physical effects of Alcoholism:

Answer 6

cirrhosis- damage to liver
korsakoff syndrome- major nutritional problems
fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)

Question 7

Sedative Hypnotic Drugs: ___________

Answer 7

also knowing ans “anxiolytic drugs”

producess feelings of relaxation and drowsiness. Calming.
barbiturates
benzoidiazepines

Question 8

what is withdrawal?

Answer 8

unpleasant, sometimes dangerous reactions that may occur when chronic user of a drug stop takin git or reduce their dosage

Question 9

What is alcohol?

Answer 9

any drink containing ethyl alcohol including beer, wine and liquor

Question 10

what is tolerance?

Answer 10

a adjustment by the brain and the body to the regular use of certain drugs so that ever larger doses are needed to achieve earlier effects.

Question 11

what is substance dependece?

Answer 11

a pattern in which people organize their lives around a drug, possibly building a tolerance to it, experiencing withdrawal symptoms when they stop takin git or both, also called addiction

Question 12

What is korsakoff syndrome?

Answer 12

an alcohol related disorder marked by extreme confusion and memory impairment

Question 13

What is fetal alcohol syndrome?

Answer 13

a cluster of mental and physical problems in a child, caused by a mother’s excessive alcohol intake during pregnancu

Question 14

The most powerful natural stimulant known?

Answer 14

Cocaine

• euphoric rush
• freebase
• crack

Question 15

different types of opioids

Answer 15

opium
morphine
heroin

• –> NTs: receptors sites receive endorphins
• –> pleasure, calming

Question 16

What is a synergistic effect?

Answer 16

when drugs are in the body at the same time, they may multiply or potentiate each other’s effects. A small dose of one drugs mixed with a small dose of another can produce an enormous change in body chemistry.

Question 17

what are poly-substance related disorders?

Answer 17

a long-term pattern of maladaptive behavior centered on abuse of or dependence on a combination of drugs

Question 18

What is the reward center?

Answer 18

a dopamine-rich pathway in the brain that produces feelings of pleasure when activated.

Question 19

what is reward deficiency syndrome?

Answer 19

a condition suspected to be present in some individuals in which the brains’ reward center is not readily activated by the usual events in their lives

Question 20

what is an antagonistic drug?

Answer 20

helps block or change the effects of an addictive drug