Chapter 7: Memory Flashcards

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1
Q

Memory

A

Capacity to retain and retrieve info and structures that account for capacity.

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2
Q

Case study of H.M

A

Not remembering new experiences after brain sugery

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3
Q

Memory is a reconstructive process

A

alter memories that they make sense of material

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4
Q

source misattribution

A

inability to distinguish what you experience from heard

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5
Q

Flashbulb memories

A

events held in memory

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6
Q

contabulation

A

confusion of event that happened to someone else with one that happened to you

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7
Q

recall

A

retrieve and reproduce from memory previously encountered matrial

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8
Q

recognition

A

ability to identify previously encountered material

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9
Q

implicit learning

A

unconscious retention in memory

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10
Q

priming

A

person reads and listens to info and is later tested to see effect performance

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11
Q

relearning method

A

measuring retention that compares the time requires to relearn material

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12
Q

parallel distributed processin

A

knowledge is represented as connections among thousands of interesting processing units

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13
Q

Sensory register

A

memory system that momentarily preserves extremely accurate images of sensory info

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14
Q

Short term memory

A

a limited capacity memory system involved in the retention of information for brief periods

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15
Q

chunk

A

meaningful unit of info that is composed of smaller units

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16
Q

working memory

A

complex form of short term memory : involves active mental process that control retrieval info from long term memory

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17
Q

long term memory

A

memory system involved in the long term storage of information

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18
Q

procedural memories

A

memories for performance of action or skills

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19
Q

declarative memories

A

memories of facts rules concepts and events

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20
Q

semantic memories

A

memories of general knowledge (facts, rules, concepts, propositions)

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21
Q

episodic memories

A

memories of personally experienced events and the context in which they occured

22
Q

Serial position effect

A

tendency to recall of first and last items on a list to surpass items in a middle of a list

23
Q

primacy effect

A

improved recall for items at the beginning of a list

24
Q

recency effect

A

improved recall for items at the end of a list

25
Q

biology of memory

A

forming a memory involved chemical and structural changed in parts of neurons

26
Q

biology of short term memory

A

alter neurons ability to release neurotransmitters

27
Q

biology of long term memory

A

increase in the strength of synaptic responsiveness

28
Q

consolidation

A

a long term memory becomes durable and stable

29
Q

responsible for the formation, consolidation and retrieval of emotional memories

A

Amygdala

30
Q

responsible for short term memory and working memory task

A

frontal lobes

31
Q

responsible for storage of long term memories

A

hippocampus

32
Q

procedural memories involve specific changed to ..

A

the cerebellum

33
Q

formation of long term memories involved the

A

cerebral cortex

34
Q

hormones released by adrenal glands

A

epinephrine, norepinephrine

35
Q

maintenance rehearsal

A

repetition of material in order to maintain its availability in memory

36
Q

elaborative rehearsal

A

association of new info with stored knowledge

37
Q

deep processin

A

procession of meaning rather than simply the physical or sensory feature of a stimulus

38
Q

mnemonic

A

strategies and tricks for improving memory

39
Q

Decay theory

A

if info is not accessed, memory disappears

40
Q

replacement

A

new info entering memory can wipe out old info

41
Q

retroactive interference

A

ability to remember similar material stored previously

42
Q

proactive interference

A

ability to remember similar , more recently learned material

43
Q

Amnesia

A

partial or complete loss of memory of important personal information

44
Q

psychogenic amnesia

A

need to escape feelings of embarrassment, guilt, shame, disappointment

45
Q

traumatic amnesia

A

forgetting of specific traumatic events,

46
Q

repression

A

selective involuntary pushing of threatening or upsetting information into the unconscious

47
Q

Childhood Amnesia

A

ability to remember events and experienced that occurred during the first two or three years

48
Q

brain development

A

parts of the brain associated with memory may not be adequately developed in young children

49
Q

cognitive development

A

absense of an adequate self concept and underdeveloped cognitive schemas

50
Q

social development

A

preschoolers don’t understand the conventions of reporting experiences or founding on details important to others