Chapter 7: Memory Flashcards
What are the three types of memory?
Sensory ( 3 seconds), short term ( 15 -20 seconds), and long term memory ( virtually unlimited.)
What is sensory memory?
It is the first impression of any of your senses. Such as briefly absorbing visual stimuli. Neurons fire when processing the elements, but it may not be imporatnt enough to pass to short to long term memory.
George Sperling
Research on sensory memory. Memory fades away after letters were presented.
Sensory memory will decay, unless you devote what to an aspect of the scene?
Attention
What is short-term memory? When will it disappear if not rehearsed to pass into long term memory?
Temporary storage of information for immediate use. It will dissapear after 15 - 20 seconds.
What is working memory?
This is the active manipulation component that involves actively manipulating stored information.
Active manipulation of multiple sensory modalities simultaneously is related to what theory?
Baddeley’s theory of working memory
What are the three subsidiary systems of Baddeley’s theory of working memory that comes after the ,” Central executive?”
- Visuospatial Sketchpad
- Episodic Buffer
- Phonological Loop
What is the Central Executive responsible for?
It contains frontal lobe activation to divide attention to the task we are trying to remember. It controls our attention and coordinates the 3 subsidiary systems.
What is the visuospatial sketchpad?
Visualizing important stuff and ignoring everything that was in your visual field.
What is the phonological loop?
Rehearsal of something maintains the numbers in your short-term memory.
What is the episodic buffer?
It relates current experiences to memories of your life. It makes things more meaningful to you. It binds the visuospatial sketchpad and phonological loops into one cohesive memory.
What are the three aspects of short term memory?
Acoustic, visual, and semantic coding.
The encoding of procedural and declarative memories are what type of memory?
Long term memory
Where does long-term memory store its information from?
Long term memory takes information from past experiences to apply them to short term memory and novel situations.
” Neurons that fire together, wite together,” is formed by what?
Hebbian learning.
The hippocampus links to the amygdala and olfactory bulb to remember important memories that receive priority encoding?
Taste aversion
We are more likely to encode information if it applies to what?
Ourselves
Interference, retrieval failure, and possible decay are all reasons why information can be?
Forgotten
A subset of implicit memory is procedural memory? What is the purpose of this form of memory?
It is utilized to carry out tasks automatically and is an unconscious memory.
The recollection of previous events or knowledge gained, but not utilized on a regular basis is what type of memory?
It is an explicit memory, which requires conscious thought and intention to access.
The conscious recollection of explicit memory can be divided into what two things?
Semantic & episodic memory
What is semantic memory?
The memory of general facts and knowledge about the world. Such as state capitals.
What is episodic memory?
The memory of specific events that happened to us. Like vacations.
